Figure 1.

Cryo-SEM photographs of planted intact samples of F. mandshurica var japonica after freezing. A, Transverse surface of two outer annual rings, the cambial zone, and phloem. The lumina of the current year's earlywood vessels (large arrows) are filled with water and the lumina of earlywood vessels of the previous year's xylem (asterisks) contain no water. The lumina of the current year's latewood vessels are filled with water (small arrows). B, Transverse surface of a current year's earlywood vessel that is filled with water. One small air bubble (arrow) is visible in the center of the vessel lumen. C, Tangential surface of the current year's earlywood vessels (v). The lumina of the current year's vessels are filled with water. D, Tangential surface of part of a current year's earlywood vessel. There is one air bubble (arrow) in the lumen.