Table 1.
Baseline and post-operative characteristics of study cohort by AKI status
| Characteristic | Overall n=110 | AKI (n=49) | No AKI (n=61) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-operative/baseline | ||||
| Age (years), (mean (SD) | 3.73 (3.9) | 3.54 (4.17) | 3.89 (3.7) | 0.33 |
| Male gender | 57 (52%) | 28 (57%) | 29 (48%) | 0.32 |
| Non-white | 14 (13%) | 7 (14%) | 7 (11%) | 0.66 |
| Pre-operative estimated SCr-GFR (mean (SD)) | 97.59 (25.82) | 103.33 (30.04) | 92.9 (20.89) | 0.05 |
| CPB time (minutes) | 104.88 (66.29) | 124.59 (81.2) | 89.05 (46.23) | 0.03 |
| RACHS-1 surgical category 1 | 7 (6%) | 0 | 7 (11%) | 0.01 |
| RACHS-1 surgical category 2 | 48 (44%) | 21 (43%) | 27 (44%) | |
| RACHS-1 surgical category 3 | 50 (45%) | 23 (47%) | 27 (44%) | |
| RACHS-1 surgical category 4 | 5 (5%) | 5 (10%) | 0 | |
| Elective vs. Urgent Surgery | ||||
| Elective | 105 (95%) | 46 (94%) | 59 (97%) | 0.48 |
| Urgent | 5 (5%) | 3 (6%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Type of Surgery | ||||
| Septal defect repair | 36 (35%) | 14 (30%) | 22 (38%) | 0.47 |
| Inflow/outflow tract or valve procedure | 23 (22%) | 9 (20%) | 14 (24%) | |
| Combined procedure | 45 (43%) | 23 (50%) | 22 (38%) | |
| Index Hospitalization | ||||
| Peak post-op SCr rise from baseline, mg/dL (median (IQR)) | 0.2 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 1) | 0.2 (0, 0.3) | <0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 8.03 (9.25) | 10.76 (12.38) | 5.84 (4.67) | <0.001 |
| Length of ICU stay (days) | 3.62 (5.53) | 5.53 (7.77) | 2.08 (1.37) | <0.001 |
| Renal replacement | 3 (2%) | 3 (5%) | 0 | 0.04 |
Abbreviations: AKI, Acute Kidney Injury, IQR, interquartile range, SCr, serum creatinine (in mg/dl. 1mg/dl = 88.4 μmole/L), GFR, glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73m2), CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass, RACHS-1, risk adjustment for congenital heart surgery, mg, milligram, dL, deciliter, CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy.