Table 3.

Results of Regression Analyses Examining Prospective Associations Between Social Integration With Peers and Physical Health, Controlling for Hostility, Extraversion, and Physical Health in Childhood (Age 7 Years)

	Systolic blood pressure			Diastolic blood pressure			(ln)BMI
Control variable and predictor	b	β	SE	b	β	SE	b	β	SE
Hostility
Race	−3.1	−0.12	1.8	−3.2	−0.16*	1.4	0.03	0.06	0.03
Peer social integration (ages 7–16 years)	−0.91	−0.14 *	0.43	−0.63	−0.13†	0.33	−0.02	−0.17 *	0.01
Stratification group (age 6 years)	−0.07	−0.003	1.8	−0.13	−0.01	1.4	0.01	0.02	0.03
Socioeconomic status (ages 7–9 years)	0.10	0.08	0.08	0.02	0.02	0.06	0.001	0.06	0.001
Childhood BMI (ages 7–9 years)	0.49	0.20*	0.16	0.05	0.03	0.12	0.01	0.29*	0.003
Social integration in adulthood (age 32 years)	−0.04	−0.03	0.10	0.04	0.04	0.07	0.00	−0.02	0.002
Hostility in childhood (ages 7–9 years)	−0.66	−0.10	0.45	−0.54	−0.11	0.35	−0.01	−0.06	0.008
Extraversion
Race	−3.1	−0.12	1.8	−3.1	−0.16*	1.4	0.02	0.03	0.03
Peer social integration (ages 7–16 years)	−1.1	−0.16 *	0.45	−0.84	−0.17 *	0.34	−0.02	−0.16 *	0.008
Stratification group (age 6 years)	−1.1	−0.04	1.7	−1.1	−0.06	1.3	−0.01	−0.01	0.03
Socioeconomic status (ages 7–9 years)	0.11	0.09	0.08	0.03	0.03	0.06	0.002	0.07	0.001
Childhood BMI (ages 7–9 years)	0.47	0.19*	0.16	0.05	0.03	0.12	0.01	0.28*	0.003
Social integration in adulthood (age 32 years)	−0.06	−0.04	0.10	0.04	0.03	0.07	0.00	−0.001	0.002
Extraversion (age 16 years, parent report)	2.3	0.04	3.4	1.04	0.03	2.6	0.01	0.01	0.06
Child physical health
Race	−3.2	−0.12	1.8	−3.4	−0.17*	1.4	0.02	0.05	0.03
Peer social integration (ages 7–16 years)	−0.98	−0.15 *	0.43	−0.65	−0.13 *	0.34	−0.02	−0.18 *	0.008
Stratification group (age 6 years)	−0.85	−0.03	1.7	−0.84	−0.04	1.3	0.000	0.00	0.03
Socioeconomic status (ages 7–9 years)	0.10	0.08	0.08	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.001	0.06	0.001
Childhood BMI (ages 7–9 years)	0.48	0.20*	0.16	0.05	0.03	0.13	0.01	0.29*	0.003
Social integration in adulthood (age 32 years)	−0.03	−0.02	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.07	0.00	−0.01	0.002
Physical health diagnoses (age 7 years)	−0.82	−0.05	1.2	−0.28	−0.02	0.90	0.01	0.02	0.02

Note: For hostility, the R² values for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure; and body mass index (BMI) were .10, .07, and .11, respectively. For extraversion, the R² values were .10, .07, and .10, respectively. For child physical health, the R² values were .09, .06, and .11, respectively. Standard errors are for the unstandardized coefficients. Boldface type indicates the predictor variable of interest and statistically significant associations between this variable and the specified outcomes; (ln)BMI is the natural log transformation of BMI.

^†p = .06. *p < .05.