Table 1. Basic characteristics of included studies.
| Source | Country, region/cohort | Followup, yrs | No. (women, %) | Age, yrs | Mean or median BMI | Mean or median saturated fat intake (g/d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seino, 1997 | Japan, Shibata Study | 15.5 | 2283 (58%) | Over 40 | 21.5 | 11 |
| 2 | Gillman, 1997 | USA, Framingham Heart Study | 20 | 832 (0%) | 45–65 | 26.9 | 43.8 |
| 3 | Iso, 2001 | USA, Nurses' Health Study (NHS) | 14 | 85764 (100%) | 34–59 | 24.0 | 28 |
| 4 | He, 2003 | USA, Health Professional Follow Up Study (HPFS) | 14 | 43732 (0%) | 40–75 | 24.9 | 24 |
| 5 | Iso, 2003 | Japan, Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS) | 14 | 4775 (52%) | 40–69 | 23.8 | 10.9 |
| 6 | Sauvaget, 2004 | Japan, Hiroshima and Nagasaki/Life Span Study (LSS) | 14 | 3731 (63%) | 35–89 | 22.3 | 12 |
| 7 | Yamagishi, 2010 | Japan, JACC study | 14 | 58453 (61%) | 40–79 | 22.8 | 14.4 |
| 8 | Wallstrom, 2012 | Sweden, Malmo Diet and Cancer Cohort (MDC) | 13.5 | 8139 (0%) 12535 (100%) |
44–73 | 26.1 (men) 25.4 (women) |
16.8 (men) 16.7 (women) |
| 9 | Larsson, 2012 | Sweden, Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC) | 10.4 | 34670 (100%) | 49–83 | 25.0 | 26.9 |
| 10 | Yaemsiri, 2012 | USA, Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS) | 7.6 | 87025 (100%) | 50–79 | 27.2 | 14.5 |
| 11 | Yamagishi, 2013 | Japan, JPHC study | 11.1 | 81931 (54%) | 40–69 | 23.6 | 16.3 |
| Source | No. of patients, outcome | Methods of diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seino, 1997 | 75, Incidence of cerebral infarction (exclude TIA) | Clinical images and CT |
| 2 | Gillman, 1997 | 61, Incidence of ischemic stroke (including atherothrombotic brain infarction and embolus; excluding TIA) 14, Incidence of hemorrhagic stroke (including subarachnoid and intracerebral) | Clinical images and CT |
| 3 | Iso, 2001 | 385, Incidence of ischemic stroke (including thrombotic and embolic; excluding TIA) 74, Incidence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage | Clinical images, CT, MRI, and autopsy |
| 4 | He, 2003 | 455, Incidence of ischemic stroke (including embolism and thrombosis) 125, Incidence of hemorrhagic stroke (including subarachnoid and intracerebral) | Criteria of the National Survey of Stroke |
| 5 | Iso, 2003 | 68, Incidence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage | 85% were confirmed by CT and MRI |
| 6 | Sauvaget, 2004 | 60, Death from cerebral infarction (ICD-10 I63, I69.3) | Death certificates |
| 7 | Yamagishi, 2010 | 224, Death from intraparenchymal hemorrhage (ICD-10 I61) 321, Death from ischemic stroke (ICD-10 I63) | Death certificates |
| 8 | Wallstrom, 2012 | 401 (men), 354 (women), Incidence of ischemic stroke (ICD-10 I63 or I64) | CT, MRI, and autopsy |
| 9 | Larsson, 2012 | 1310, Incidence of cerebral infarction (ICD-10 I63) 233, Incidence of hemorrhagic stroke (ICD-10 I61) | Swedish hospital discharge registry and Swedish death registry |
| 10 | Yaemsiri, 2012 | 1049, Incidence of ischemic stroke (excluding TIA) | Criteria of the Trial of ORG 10172 Acute Stroke Trial (TOAST). Over 95% of cases were classified by brain imaging. |
| 11 | Yamagishi, 2013 | 894, Incidence of ischemic stroke (including large-artery thrombotic, lacunar, and embolic; excluding TIA) 1939, Incidence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage (excluding subarachnoid) | Criteria of the National Survey of Stroke. CT and MRI were available for 98% of registered stroke events. |
BMI, body mass index; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; TIA, transient ischemic attack