Table 2.
Genera of bacteria reported to be differentially abundant in [Bäckhed et al. (51), Sakwinska et al. (49), Penders et al. (52), Tun et al. (68), and Azad et al. (50)] cesarean section delivered (CSD) infants compared to vaginally delivered (VD) infants across five studies.
| Genus | Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) | Cesarean section delivery |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 days | 3 weeks | 1 month | 4 months | 1 year | ||||
| Bäckhed et al. | Sakwinska et al. | Penders et al. | Tun et al. | Bäckhed et al. | Azad et al. | Bäckhed et al. | ||
| Actinomyces | ↓ | |||||||
| Aggregatibacter | ↑ | |||||||
| Anaerococcus | ↑ | |||||||
| Anaerostipes | ↑ | |||||||
| Bacillus | ↑ | |||||||
| Bacteroides | ↓(63)a, (64)b, (66)d | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
| Bifidobacterium | ↓(64)b, (65)b, (67)c | ↓ | ↓ | |||||
| Bilophila | ↓ | |||||||
| Blautia | ↑ | |||||||
| Brevundimonas | ↑ | |||||||
| Butyrivibrio | ↑ | |||||||
| Capnocytophaga | ↑ | |||||||
| Citrobacter | ↑ | |||||||
| Clostridium | ↑(63)a (67)c | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Collinsella | ↓(63)a | ↓ | ||||||
| Comamonas | ↓ | |||||||
| Cronobacter | ↑ | |||||||
| Deinococcus | ↑ | |||||||
| Delftia | ↑ | |||||||
| Enterobacter | ↑ | |||||||
| Enterococcus | ↑(63)a | ↑ | ||||||
| Escherichia–Shigella | ↑(64)b | ↓ | ↓ | |||||
| Eubacterium | ↑ | |||||||
| Faecalibacterium | ↑(63)a | ↑ | ||||||
| Granulicatella | ↑ | |||||||
| Haemophilus | ↑ | |||||||
| Klebsiella | ↑ | |||||||
| Lactobacillus | ↓(67)c | |||||||
| Macrococcus | ↑ | |||||||
| Parabacteroides | ↓(63)a | ↓ | ↓ | |||||
| Paraprevotella | ↑ | |||||||
| Propionibacterium | ↓ | |||||||
| Proteus | ↑ | |||||||
| Providencia | ↑ | |||||||
| Pseudomonas | ↓ | |||||||
| Rothia | ↑(63)a | ↑ | ||||||
| Staphylococcus | ↑ | ↓ | ||||||
| Stenotrophomonas | ↑ | |||||||
| Streptococcus | ↑(63)a (64)b | ↑ | ||||||
| Veillonella | ↑(63)a ↓(64)b |
↑ | ||||||
aAntibiotic not specified.
bAmpicillin.
cAmpicillin and gentamycin.
dVarious antibiotics.