Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for self-reported driving history and habits questionnaire and practice journal variables (N = 39).
| Driving history variables | |
| Type of license, n (%) | |
| G1 | 23 (59.0) |
| G2 | 16 (41.0) |
| Have you received formal driver’s education, n (%) | |
| Yes | 24 (61.5) |
| No | 15 (38.5) |
| Type of driver’s education received, n (%) | |
| None | 15 (38.5) |
| MTO-approved driving course | 19 (48.7) |
| Classroom training | 20 (51.3) |
| On-road training | 19 (48.7) |
| Computer-based training | 3 (7.7) |
| Simulator training | 1 (2.6) |
| Instruction from family member | 15 (38.5) |
| Number of crashes you have been involved in, n (%) | |
| 0 | 36 (92.3) |
| 1 | 1 (2.6) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 2 (5.2) |
| Number of citations or traffic tickets, n (%) | |
| 0 | 35 (89.7) |
| 1 | 1 (2.6) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 3 (7.7) |
| Driving habits variables | |
| Exceeding the speed limit, n (%) | |
| Never | 4 (10.3) |
| Hardly ever | 7 (17.9) |
| Occasionally | 14 (35.9) |
| Quite often | 4 (10.3) |
| Frequently | 5 (12.8) |
| Nearly all the time | 0 |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Racing with neighboring cars, n (%) | |
| Never | 24 (61.5) |
| Hardly ever | 10 (25.6) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Driving in the form of sutures, n (%) | |
| Never | 16 (41.0) |
| Hardly ever | 9 (23.1) |
| Occasionally | 8 (20.5) |
| Quite often | 1 (2.6) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Using the seatbelts, n (%) | |
| Nearly all the time | 34 (87.2) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Making or answering a call while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 27 (69.2) |
| Hardly ever | 3 (7.7) |
| Occasionally | 1 (2.6) |
| Quite often | 3 (7.7) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Reading or receiving text messages while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 22 (56.4) |
| Hardly ever | 8 (20.5) |
| Occasionally | 2 (5.1) |
| Quite often | 1 (2.6) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 5 (12.8) |
| Listening to or adjusting a media player while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 1 (2.6) |
| Hardly ever | 4 (10.3) |
| Occasionally | 8 (20.5) |
| Quite often | 7 (17.9) |
| Frequently | 6 (15.4) |
| Nearly all the time | 7 (17.9) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 6 (15.4) |
| Watching a display screen while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 13 (33.3) |
| Hardly ever | 10 (25.6) |
| Occasionally | 5 (12.8) |
| Quite often | 3 (7.7) |
| Frequently | 2 (5.1) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 6 (15.4) |
| Talking with passengers while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 1 (2.6) |
| Occasionally | 3 (7.7) |
| Quite often | 8 (20.5) |
| Frequently | 16 (41.0) |
| Nearly all the time | 5 (12.8) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 6 (15.4) |
| Eating or drinking while driving, n (%) | |
| Never | 10 (25.6) |
| Hardly ever | 8 (20.5) |
| Occasionally | 11 (28.2) |
| Quite often | 4 (10.3) |
| Missing/prefer not to answer | 6 (15.4) |
| Practice journal variables | |
| Driving time, n (%) | |
| None | 36 (92.3) |
| 2–4 h/week | 1 (2.6) |
| 4–6 h/week | 1 (2.6) |
| More than 6 h/week | 1 (2.6) |
| Driving practice type, n (%) | |
| None | 36 (92.3) |
| Personal | 3 (7.7) |
| Supervision while driving, n (%) | |
| No practice | 36 (92.3) |
| Unsupervised | 3 (7.7) |
MTO = ministry of transportation of Ontario; only response options for which there was at least one responded are included in the table for each variable; frequencies and percentages for type of driver’s education total more than 100% as participants could have received more than one type of training. G1 = first stage of graduated licensing program. Driver must be accompanied by a fully licensed driver at all times; G2 = second stage of graduated licensing program. Driver can drive independently. If the driver is under 19 years of age and is driving between midnight and 05:00 a.m., they can only drive with one passenger under the age of 19 in the vehicle.