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. 2018 May 4;9:983. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00983

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Copyright © 2018 Piancone, Saresella, Marventano, La Rosa, Santangelo, Caputo, Mendozzi, Rovaris and Clerici.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Genes of inflammasome proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed and monosodium urate crystals (MSU)-stimulated PBMCs. mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Single real-time PCR results obtained in LPS-primed and MSU-stimulated immune cells of primary progressive (PP, n = 11), acute relapsing-remitting (A, n = 10), stable relapsing-remitting (S, n = 10), or benign (B, n = 10) Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls (HC, n = 10). Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) (A), ASC (B), caspase-8 (C), caspase-1 (D), IL-18 (E), and IL-1β (F) mRNA levels are shown. The results are indicated as fold-change expression from the unstimulated samples. Summary results are shown in the bar graphs. The boxes stretch from the 25 to the 75 percentile; the line across the boxes indicates the median values; the lines stretching from the boxes indicate extreme values. Statistical significance is shown.