Table 2.

In vitro and in vivo antagonism shown by 19 isolates of streptomycete and non-streptomycete actinobacteria against Lasiodiplodia theobromae.

Treatment	Isolate	In vitro			In vivo
		Diameter of inhibitionzone (mm)a	Diameter of clearingzone (mm)b	Diameter of clearingzone (mm)c	Lesion diameter(mm)d
Streptomyces sp.	3	46.41 ± 0.49b	46.10 ± 0.98d	48.79 ± 0.35d	15.88 ± 1.03b
	7	40.40 ± 0.58e	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	32.21 ± 0.65a
	10	0.00 ± 0.00i	54.50 ± 2.16cb	54.96 ± 1.70c	33.13 ± 0.31a
	12 (BCA1)	49.16 ± 0.88a	56.04 ± 0.87b	57.97 ± 0.98b	0.00 ± 0.00e
	18	0.00 ± 0.00i	52.59 ± 0.45c	54.80 ± 0.65c	33.32 ± 0.49a
	21	44.40 ± 0.55c	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	32.31 ± 0.65a
	29 (BCA2)	42.40 ± 0.49d	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00e
	31	0.00 ± 0.00i	35.98 ± 0.72f	37.52 ± 0.55f	0.00 ± 0.00e
	41	0.00 ± 0.00i	40.81 ± 0.77e	42.06 ± 1.35e	33.03 ± 0.69a
	42	37.10 ± 0.86f	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	12.73 ± 1.74c
	49	31.73 ± 0.95h	41.72 ± 0.95e	43.98 ± 0.79e	0.00 ± 0.00e
	51	0.00 ± 0.00i	56.22 ± 1.05b	57.29 ± 0.53b	32.38 ± 0.42a
Actinoplanes sp.	9	31.23 ± 0.76h	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00e
Microbispora sp.	16	49.60 ± 0.60a	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	32.81 ± 0.73a
Micromonospora sp.	25	47.13 ± 0.84b	0.00 ± 0.00g	0.00 ± 0.00g	7.45 ± 0.57d
	44 (BCA3)	0.00 ± 0.00i	63.90 ± 1.43a	65.62 ± 1.30a	0.00 ± 0.00e
Nocardia sp.	33	0.00 ± 0.00i	38.18 ± 0.40f	39.66 ± 0.37f	31.90 ± 0.62a
Rhodococcus sp.	45	0.00 ± 0.00i	52.18 ± 1.04c	54.37 ± 1.18c	32.22 ± 0.98a
Streptosporangium sp.	50	34.53 ± 0.60g	54.10 ± 1.36cb	56.15 ± 1.29bc	12.01 ± 1.20c
Diseased control (L. theobromae)		ND	ND	ND	32.51 ± 0.57a
Healthy control (noL. theobromae)		ND	ND	ND	0.00 ± 0.00e

^aProduction of diffusible antifungal metabolites active against L. theobromae using the cut-plug method.

^bProduction of chitinase on colloidal chitin agar.

^cProduction of cell-wall-degrading enzymes on mycelial fragment agar.

^dEffect of the antagonistic BCA on L. theobromae using the in vivo mango fruit bioassay.

Values are means of three replicates ± SE for the in vitro experiments and in vivo experiments. Values within each column, followed by the same letter are not significantly (P > 0.05) different according to Duncan's multiple range test.

Isolates #12, #29 and #44 represent Streptomyces samsunensis UAE1 (BCA1), S. cavourensis UAE1 (BCA2) and M. tulbaghiae UAE1 (BCA3); respectively.

ND, not determined.