. 2015 Sep 26;1(3):170–176. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2015.08.013

Table 7.

Effects of different dietary protein sources and levels in antibiotic-free diets on the mRNA abundances of intestinal mucosa cytokines, tight junction proteins and CFTR in weaned piglets.¹

Variable	Control	SPC19	FM19	SPC23	FM23	SEM	P-value²
Variable	Control	SPC19	FM19	SPC23	FM23	SEM	Diets	Basal	Source	Level	Source × level
Jejunum
IL-1β	1.00^b	1.36^ab	1.37^ab	2.28^a	2.19^a	0.23	0.005	0.008	0.876	0.002	0.831
IFN-γ	1.00^c	3.01^ab	2.40^b	3.57^a	3.40^ab	0.22	0.001	0.001	0.096	0.003	0.345
ZO-1	1.00^a	0.46^c	0.77^ab	0.37^c	0.56^bc	0.06	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.018	0.300
Occludin	1.00^a	0.46^b	0.71^ab	0.32^b	0.41^b	0.10	0.001	0.001	0.092	0.037	0.410
Claudin1	1.00	0.65	0.72	0.61	0.59	0.17	0.457	0.457	0.425	0.384	0.545
Ileum
IL-1β	1.00^b	2.31^a	2.29^a	2.32^a	2.42^a	0.24	0.004	0.001	0.873	0.784	0.803
IFN-γ	1.00	1.44	1.29	1.52	1.53	0.13	0.057	0.057	0.589	0.219	0.562
ZO-1	1.00^a	0.66^b	0.86^ab	0.65^b	0.62^b	0.09	0.031	0.007	0.395	0.199	0.261
Occludin	1.00^a	0.60^b	0.72^ab	0.56^b	0.56^b	0.06	0.001	0.001	0.377	0.120	0.311
Claudin1	1.00	0.65	0.70	0.61	0.60	0.11	0.142	0.325	0.844	0.524	0.820
Colon
IL-1β	1.00^b	1.53^ab	1.20^b	2.36^a	1.72^ab	0.16	0.024	0.003	0.012	0.002	0.342
IFN-γ	1.00^c	2.53^ab	1.70^bc	2.76^a	2.78^a	0.18	0.001	0.001	0.044	0.003	0.036
CFTR	1.00^b	1.52^ab	1.49^ab	1.95^a	1.91^a	0.18	0.013	0.003	0.832	0.029	0.967

SPC = soy protein concentrate; FM = fish meal; IL-1β = interleukin-1β; IFN-γ = Interferon-γ; ZO-1 = Zonula occludens-1; CFTR = cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulators.

^a,b,cWithin a row, values without a common superscript differ (P < 0.05), comparisons are from orthogonal contrasts.

Control = control diet of 17% CP; SPC19 = 19% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate; FM19 = 19% CP diets formulated with more fish meal; SPC23 = 23.7% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate; FM23 = 23.7% CP diets formulated with more fish meal.

Diets, all five diets; Basal, control compared to supplemented diets; Source, additional soy or fish protein; Level, 19 and 23.7%. Values are least squares means for 6 replicate pens per treatment.