Table 2.
Association of spontaneous motor syndromes with 3-months treatment induced extrapyramidal signs (EPS) assessed using the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) after exposure to flupenthixol decanoate in Black Africans with first-episode schizophrenia.
| Spontaneous motor syndromes (N = 99) | 3-months treatment-emergent Extrapyramidal signs (Pearson coefficients/βeta for linear regression)a | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neurological soft signs | % | Mean (SD) | Parkinsonism | Akathisia | Dyskinesia | Dystonia | Overall |
| Sensory integration | 45.9 | 2.4 (2.1) | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.13 |
| Motor coordination | 73.5 | 4.7 (3.1) | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.41 | 0.19 | 0.03 |
| Motor sequencing | 78.6 | 5.2 (2.9) | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Total NES | 91.8 | 18.0 (11.1) | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.07 |
| EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIGNS | |||||||
| Parkinsonism | 18.2 | 0.71 (2.36) | b | 0.03 | 0.61 | 0.09 | b |
| Akathisia | 3.0 | 0.03 (0.17) | b | b | b | 0.03 | b |
| Dyskinesia | 3.0 | 0.10 (0.68) | b | 0.55*/1.65* | b | b | b |
| Dystonia | b | b | b | b | b | b | b |
| Overall | 20.2 | 0.84 (2.46) | b | 0.13 | 0.61 | 0.09 | b |
| Flupenthixol decanoate | Minimun/Maximum | Mean (SD) | |||||
| Dose | 5 mg/30 mg | 10.3 (2.27) | 0.12 | b | b | b | 0.12 |
1. Participants were considered as having definite EPS in this study when they have a rating of ≥2 on the ESRS, 2. Percentages are based on the entire sample (N = 99),
a
Participants had definite EPS only after exposure to flupenthixol decanoate (i.e., had a score of < 2 on the ESRS before exposure to treatment),
b
Participants with treatment-emergent EPS but who had a score of zero on the ESRS before exposure to flupenthixol decanoate,
*
p < 0.05.