Table 3.
The prevalence of dietary fiber consumption and components of metabolic syndrome in young adults in Ellisras, South Africa.
| 18–24 Years | 25–30 Years | 18–30 Years | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males (n = 122) | Female (n = 117) | Total (n = 239) | p-Value | Males (n = 182) | Female (n = 206) | Total (n = 388) | p-Value | Males (n = 304) | Females (n = 323) | Total (n = 627) | p-Value | |
| Metabolic syndrome | 9.8 (12) | 30.8 (36) | 20.1 (48) | <0.001 | 7.7 (14) | 40.3 (83) | 25.0 (97) | <0.001 | 8.6 (26) | 36.8 (119) | 23.1 (145) | <0.001 |
| Total fiber Male < 38 g Female < 25 g |
95.9 (117) | 100 (117) | 97.9 (234) | 0.027 | 96.7 (176) | 99.0 (204) | 97.9 (380) | 0.108 | 96.4 (293) | 99.4 (321) | 97.9 (614) | 0.008 |
| Insoluble fiber < 10 g | 100.0 (122) | 99.1 (116) | 99.6 (238) | 0.308 | 99.5 (181) | 99.5 (205) | 99.5 (386) | 0.930 | 99.7 (303) | 99.4 (321) | 99.5 (624) | 0.599 |
| Soluble fiber < 2.5 g | 100.0 (122) | 99.1 (116) | 99.6 (238) | 0.308 | 100.0 (182) | 99.5 (205) | 99.7 (387) | 0.348 | 100.0 (304) | 99.4 (321) | 99.7 (625) | 0.170 |
| Elevated waist circumference Male > 94 cm Female > 80 cm |
4.9 (6) | 39.3 (46) | 21.8 (52) | <0.001 | 4.4 (8) | 60.2 (124) | 34.0 (132) | <0.001 | 4.6 (14) | 52.6 (170) | 29.3 (184) | <0.001 |
| Low HDL-C Male < 1.0 mmol/L Female < 1.3 mmol/L | 29.5 (36) | 77.8 (91) | 53.1 (127) | <0.001 | 30.2 (55) | 79.1 (163) | 56.2 (218) | <0.001 | 29.9 (91) | 78.6 (254) | 55.0 (345) | <0.001 |
| Elevated fasting blood glucose >5.6 mmol/L | 45.1 (55) | 47.9 (56) | 46.6 (111) | 0.711 | 42.9 (78) | 47.6 (98) | 45.4 (176) | 0.353 | 43.8 (133) | 47.7 (154) | 45.8 (287) | 0.343 |
| High total cholesterol >5.1 mmol/L | 10.7 (13) | 17.9 (21) | 14.2 (34) | 0.108 | 11.5 (21) | 24.8 (51) | 18.6 (72) | 0.001 | 11.2 (34) | 22.3 (72) | 16.9 (106) | <0.001 |
| High triglycerides >1.7 mmol/L | 8.2 (10) | 7.7 (9) | 7.9 (19) | 0.888 | 12.1 (22) | 9.7 (20) | 10.8 (42) | 0.453 | 10.5 (32) | 9.0 (29) | 9.7 (61) | 0.514 |
| High systolic blood pressure >130 mmHg | 17.2 (21) | 0.9 (1) | 9.2 (22) | <0.001 | 24.7 (45) | 4.9 (10) | 14.2 (55) | <0.001 | 39.2 (100) | 7.7 (25) | 19.9 (125) | <0.001 |
| High diastolic blood pressure >85 mmHg | 6.6 (8) | 6.8 (8) | 6.7 (16) | 0.931 | 10.4 (19) | 3.9 (8) | 7.0 (27) | 0.011 | 8.9 (27) | 5.0 (16) | 6.9 (43) | 0.052 |
HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.