Table 3.

Hazard ratios for death of older patients with stage I–II treated with open lobectomy versus video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy

Model	Overall Survival HR* (95% CI)
Adjusted for propensity scores	0.89 (0.79–0.99)
Adjusted for propensity scores and surgeon volume rank	0.93 (0.83–1.05)
Adjusted for propensity scores, surgeon volume and surgeon factors†	0.95 (0.83–1.08)

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio.

^*Represents HR for death for patients treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open lobectomy.

^†Adjusted for surgeon age, sex, and specialization in thoracic surgery.