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. 2018 Mar 6;123(3):1767–1778. doi: 10.1002/2017JA024776

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©2018. The Authors.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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jgra54051-fig-0010 — Three possibilities for the X‐line source of tailward and earthward flows observed with ARTEMIS. From top to bottom, (a) the classical NENL‐DNL concept, (b) patchy reconnection with a gradual decrease of the dawn‐dusk asymmetry with downtail distance, and (c) a tailward moving X‐line moving beyond ARTEMIS orbit.