Figure 1.

Derivation of neural crest cells (NCCs) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (a) Schematic diagram outlining the differentiation protocol employed in this study. (b–e) hESC and NCC culture morphology. (f–n) Differentiated NCCs (NGFR⁺) are enriched in neural crest markers compared with the NGFR negative (NGFR⁻) cell population. (o–s) Differentiated NCCs are multipotent and can differentiate into cells that express established neuronal and glial cell markers. All data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Scale bars: (b, d) 100 μm, (c, e) 0 μm, (f–m) 25 μm, and (o–r) 100 μm. The p values are denoted as follows: ^* p ≤ .05. CM = conditioned medium; KSR = KnockOut serum replacement