Table 1.
Sustained abstinence quit rates (QRs), risk differences (RDs), relative risks (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) by time, overall and for individual medications.
| Drug | Time | Quit rate intervention group (CI: lower, upper) | Quit rate control group (CI: lower, upper) | n Studies | Risk dDifference (CI: lower, upper), P‐value | Relative risk (CI: lower, upper), P‐value | Odds ratio (CI: lower, upper), P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 3 months | 36.45% (33.12%, 39.78%) | 18.84% (16.27%, 21.42%) | 42 | 17.30% (14.54 20.07%) P < 0.0001 | 1.95 (1.74, 2.18) P < 0.0001 | 2.55 (2.21, 2.95) P < 0.0001 |
| Bupropion | 3 months | 37.12% (31.30%, 42.94%) | 20.23% (15.97%, 24.48%) | 12 | 15.72% (12.29%, 19.16%) P < 0.0001 | 1.79 (1.57, 2.05) P < 0.0001 | 2.29 (1.96, 2.68) P < 0.0001 |
| NRT | 3 months | 34.81% (30.33%, 39.29%) | 19.38% (15.86%, 22.89%) | 27 | 14.94% (11.77%, 18.11%) P < 0.0001 | 1.81 (1.59, 2.06) P < 0.0001 | 2.29 (1.94, 2.71) P < 0.0001 |
| Varenicline | 3 months | 39.26% (31.08%, 47.44%) | 13.3% (10.16%, 16.44%) | 6 | 26.09% (19.01%, 33.17%) P < 0.0001 | 2.96 (2.36, 3.71) P < 0.0001 | 4.34 (3.20, 5.88) P < 0.0001 |
| All | 6 months | 26.59% (24.10%, 29.08%) | 14.29% (12.33%, 16.25%) | 49 | 11.84% (9.95%, 13.73%) P < 0.0001 | 1.87 (1.67, 2.08) P < 0.0001 | 2.22 (1.95, 2.52) P < 0.0001 |
| Bupropion | 6 months | 25.88% (21.77%, 29.99%) | 15.42% (11.09%, 19.75%) | 13 | 10.38% (7.26%, 13.50%) P < 0.0001 | 1.70 (1.40, 2.06) P < 0.0001 | 1.96 (1.58, 2.45) P < 0.0001 |
| NRT | 6 months | 26.60% (23.08%, 30.13%) | 14.56% (12.17%, 16.95%) | 33 | 11.05% (8.56%, 13.53%) P < 0.0001 | 1.78 (1.57, 2.02) P < 0.0001 | 2.11 (1.80, 2.46) P < 0.0001 |
| Varenicline | 6 months | 25.40% (19.99%, 30.80%) | 9.43% (7.60%, 11.26%) | 6 | 16.09% (11.78%, 20.41%) P < 0.0001 | 2.71 (2.29, 3.21) P < 0.0001 | 3.37 (2.77, 4.11) P < 0.0001 |
| All | 12 months | 19.90% (17.96%, 21.84%) | 11.43% (9.81%,13.05%) | 49 | 8.19% (6.79%, 9.59%) P < 0.0001 | 1.75 (1.56, 1.95) P < 0.0001 | 1.97 (1.73, 2.23) P < 0.0001 |
| Bupropion | 12 months | 19.88% (16.31%, 23.45%) | 12.07% (8.68%, 15.45%) | 13 | 7.53% (4.89%, 10.18%) P < 0.0001 | 1.63 (1.34, 1.98) P < 0.0001 | 1.82 (1.47, 2.25) P < 0.0001 |
| NRT | 12 months | 19.84% (17.10%, 22.59%) | 11.84% (9.80%, 13.88%) | 33 | 7.28% (5.49%, 9.06%) P < 0.0001 | 1.65 (1.44, 1.89) P < 0.0001 | 1.84 (1.57, 2.17) P < 0.0001 |
| Varenicline | 12 months | 18.65% (14.26%, 23.04%) | 7.31% (5.75%, 8.86%) | 6 | 11.31% (8.14%, 14.48%) P < 0.0001 | 2.56 (2.11, 3.12) P < 0.0001 | 2.97 (2.38, 3.71) P < 0.0001 |
CI = confidence interval; NRT = nicotine replacement therapy.