Figure 3.
Aβ-mediated secretion of IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-10 and their modulation by (−)-phenserine (1), (−)-phenethylcymserine (2), (−)-bisnorcymserine (3) and (−)-cymserine (4) (all 10 uM) in PBMCs from AD patients and HC subjects. At the end of incubation, cell-free supernatant was harvested, and the levels of released cytokines were determined by ELISA. Data are expressed as the mean and standard deviation of IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-10 production in PBMCs from AD (■) and HC (□) subjects. *p<0.05 post-hoc test vs HC levels.