Table 1.
Characterization of the study population
| Variables | n | % | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 288 | 74.7 (5.7) | |
| Sex | |||
| Women | 170 | 59.0 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| Men | 118 | 27.5 ± 3.6 | |
| Women | 170 | 25.9 ± 4.5 | |
| Number of co-morbidities by subjects | 288 | 4.3 (2.5) | |
| Number of drugs by subjects | 288 | 6.4 (3.6) | |
| Current smoker | 22 | 7.6 | |
| Daily alcohol consumption ≥ 3 units | 32 | 11.1 | |
| All kind of self-reported previous fracture (adult life) | 79 | 27.4 | |
| Parental fractured hip | 40 | 13.9 | |
| Glucocorticoid use | 7 | 2.4 | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 13 | 4.5 | |
| Secondary osteoporosis | 44 | 15.3 | |
| Mini-Nutritional Assessment | |||
| Well-nourished | 268 | 93.1 | |
| Risk of malnutrition or malnutrition | 20 | 6.9 | |
| Lumbar spine aBMD (g/cm2) | |||
| Men | 118 | 1.200 ± 0.150 | |
| Women | 170 | 1.170 ± 0.145 | |
| Lumbar spine T-score | |||
| Men | 118 | 0.3 ± 1.9 | |
| Women | 170 | − 0.4 ± 1.8 | |
| Total hip aBMD (g/cm2) | |||
| Men | 116 | 0.920 ± 0.138 | |
| Women | 162 | 0.804 ± 0.124 | |
| Total hip T-score | |||
| Men | 116 | − 0.7 ± 1.1 | |
| Women | 162 | − 1.3 ± 2.8 | |
| Femoral neck aBMD (g/cm2) | |||
| Men | 116 | 0.761 ± 0.120 | |
| Women | 162 | 0.693 ± 0.119 | |
| Femoral neck T-score | |||
| Men | 116 | − 0.9 ± 1.4 | |
| Women | 162 | − 1.4 ± 1.1 | |
| 10-year MOF probability (%) | |||
| Men | 116 | 6.75 ± 4.1 | |
| Women | 162 | 13.6 ± 9.1 | |
| 10-year HF probability (%) | |||
| Men | 116 | 2.9 ± 2.7 | |
| Women | 162 | 6.0 ± 7.8 | |
| TBS value | |||
| Men | 118 | 1.27 ± 0.10 | |
| Women | 170 | 1.32 ± 0.11 | |
| Sarcopenia | 43 | 14.9 | |
| Low SMI | 81 | 21.8 | |
| Low muscle strength | 98 | 34.0 | |
| Low physical performance | 57 | 19.8 | |
| Osteoporosis | 36 | 12.5 | |
| Osteopenia | 188 | 65.2 | |