Table 2.

Concurrent Validity of Several Measures of Early Language Development in Children age 17–25 Months in Malawi

Assessment 1		Assessment 2
Score 1	Method 1	Score 2	Method 2	n	rho2
CDI vocabulary score	Caregiver interview	NDW1	Naturalistic observation	26	0.58*
MDAT language score	Child directly tested	NDW1	Naturalistic observation	26	0.35
DMC-II language score	Caregiver interview	NDW1	Naturalistic observation	26	0.53*
CDI vocabulary score	Caregiver interview	MDAT language score	Child directly tested	30	0.66**
CDI vocabulary score	Caregiver interview	DMC-II language score	Caregiver interview	30	0.64**
DMC-II language score	Caregiver interview	MDAT language score	Child directly tested	30	0.46*

All p values were corrected for multiple hypothesis testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg correction

¹Number of different words in a 30-min speech sample, excluding one child who dropped out and three children with less than 20 utterances

²Spearman’s correlation

*p < 0.05

**p < 0.01