Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants by Physical Activity Level.
| Characteristics | Inactive (n=4807) | Minimally active (n=5940) | HEPA (n=1267) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 38.2±7.2 | 39.5±7.9 | 40.3±8.4 | <0.001 |
| Male | 2373 (49.4) | 3981 (67.0) | 865 (68.3) | <0.001 |
| Current smokers | 587 (12.2) | 871 (14.7) | 168 (13.3) | 0.001 |
| History of hypertension | 275 (5.7) | 474 (8.0) | 115 (9.1) | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes | 91 (1.9) | 169 (2.8) | 34 (2.7) | 0.005 |
| History of dyslipidemia | 686 (14.3) | 992 (16.7) | 197 (15.5) | 0.003 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)* | 22.2±3.4 | 23.7±3.3 | 24.0±3.0 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm)† | 80.5±9.9 | 82.0±9.6 | 81.8±8.9 | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)‡ | 94.1±13.5 | 94.9±13.1 | 95.2±12.8 | 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%)‡ | 5.4±0.5 | 5.5±0.5 | 5.4±0.4 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg)‡ | 108±11 | 110±11 | 112±12 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg)‡ | 70±9 | 71±9 | 71±10 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL)‡ | 112.9±80.3 | 114.3±74.5 | 105.3±72.6 | 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL)‡ | 60.5±16.1 | 59.6±16.2 | 62.6±16.5 | <0.001 |
HEPA, health-enhancing physically active; BP, blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Data are presented as the mean±standard deviation or number (%).
*Missing values for 9 individuals, †Missing values for 6 individuals, ‡Missing values for 12 individuals.