Figure 6.

Analysis of PAL mRNA expression in tobacco leaves. A, Northern blot showing PAL expression in leaves treated with water only (control), xylanase (1 μg mL⁻¹), xylanase in combination with NAE 14:0 (0.1 mm), and NAE 14:0 alone (0.1 mm). B, Methylene blue-stained blot showing relative amounts of RNA in each lane. C, Relative abundance of PAL mRNA (normalized to 28S rRNA by densitometric scanning and imaging analysis with NIH Image 3.1 software). Values represent the means ± sd of three independent experiments/extractions analyzed under identical conditions.