Table 2.
Systematic review of laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for gastrict obstruction due to advanced hepatobiliary cancer
| Ref. | n | Type of study | HPB Etiology | Biliary obstruction | Operating time | Perioperative morbidity | Time to initiate intake | Time to solid food | LOS | Duration of food intake | Comment |
| All HPB Malignancy | |||||||||||
| Jeurnink et al[60], 2007 | 95 | Cohort: GJ (42) vs duodenal stent (53) | GJ: All patients (laparoscopy: 10) | GJ: 17 previous treatment | ND | GJ: 4 major (hemorrhage, severe pain, cholangitis, respiratory failure); 13 minor (mild pain, wound infection, nausea and vomiting) | ND | GJ: 10.1 ± 4.8 d | GJ: 18d (4-55) | ND | |
| Hamade et al[4], 2005 | 21 | Cohort: laparoscopic GJ/CJ/GJ+CJ | All patients | 5 biliary bypass, 8 GJ+biliary bypass | gastric bypass 75 min, GJ+CJ 130 min | 1 pneumonia, 1 central line sepsis, 1 wound abscess | ND | ND | 4 d (1-14) | 9 patients untill death | Includes pre-treatment, profilactic and terapeutic GJ |
| Denley et al[9], 2005 | 18 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | ND | ND | 2 reconversions, 1 leak, 1 sepsis, 1 DGE | ND | ND | 6 (3-22) | 15 patients untill death | |
| Kazanjian et al[5], 2004 | 9 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | ND | 116 min (75-300) | 1 DGE, 1 Cholangitis | ND | 4 d (3-6) | 7 d (5-18) | ND | 4 patient previous stent |
| Alam et al[61], 2003 | 8 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | ND | 135 min | Pneumonia (1) | ND | 4 (2-7) | 7 (5-13) | 7 patients untill death | |
| Kuriansky et al[62], 2000 | 12 | Case series: LGJ+biliary bypass | All patients | 12 CCJ | 89.16 min (35-150) | 2 wound infection, 1 pneumonia, 2 DGE, 1 reintervention (bleeding) | ND | ND | 6.4 (5-17) | All patients untill death | |
| Casaccia et al[63], 1999 | 6 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | 4 ES. 2 Laparoscopic CCJ | 82 min (60-135) | 1 Bleeding (transfusion) | ND | ND | 4.5 (4-6) | ND | |
| Casaccia et al[64], 1998 | 5 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | 4 ES. 1 laparoscopic CCJ | ND | 1 Bleeding (transfusion) | ND | ND | 4 (4-6) | ND | |
| Rhodes et al[65], 1995 | 16 | Case series: laparoscopic CCJ ± GJ (5GJ, 3 both, 9CCJ) | All patients | ND | 75 min | 1 DGE, 1 ictus | ND | ND | 4 d (3-33) | ND | Results of the entire data series |
| Wilson et al[57], 1992 | 2 | Case series: LGJ | All patients | ND | 120 min | None | 2d | 3 d, 4 d | 4-5 d | 1 patient untill death | |
| Mixed malignancies | |||||||||||
| Zhang et al[66], 2011 | 28 | Case series: LGJ for benign/malignant disease | 7 HPB malignancy | ND | 170 min | 2 reinterventions (anastomotic leak, trocar site hemorrhage), 2 bleeding controlled by endoscopy, 1 ileus, 5 DGE | 3d | 5 d | 8 d (2-83) | ND | Results of the entire data series |
| Guzman et al[3], 2009 | 20 | Cohort: LGJ AND OGJ | Laparoscopy: 8 HPB malignancy | ND | 116 min | 2 DGE | ND | 7 d | 8 d | ND | |
| Navarra et al[67], 2006 | 24 | RCT: 12 LGJ vs 12 OGJ | Laparoscopy: 5 HPB malignancy | ND | 150 min | None | ND | 4.08 d | 11 d | ND | |
| Mehta et al[39], 2006 | 27 | RCT: 14 LGJ vs 13 SEMS | ND | 6 patients (ES, PD) | ND | 2 bleeding, 1 wound infection, 1 pneumonia, 3 DGE. 3 mortality (sepsis, pneumonia, carcinomatosis) | ND | ND | 11.4 D | ND | |
| Al-Rashedy et al[68], 2005 | 26 | Cohort: LGJ and OGJ | Laparoscopy: 7 HPB malignancy | ND | ND | 2 (13.3%) | ND | ND | 3 (3-8) | ND | |
| Khan et al[69], 2005 | 19 | Case series: laparoscopic CCJ ± GJ (16 GJ, 1 CCJ, 2 both) | 7 HPB malignancy | 2 CCJ | 164 min single bypass, 245 min double bypass | ND | 3d | ND | ND | ND | |
| Mittal et al[37], 2004 | 56 | Cohort: 16 OGJ, 14 LGJ, 16 ES. | Laparoscopy: 9 HPB malignancy | None patient | ND | 4 pneumonia, 1 ileus, 1 wound infection | ND | 5 d (4-8) | 13.5 d (6-36) (after procedure 7d) | ND | |
| Bergamaschi et al[70], 2002 | 55 | Case/control: antiperistaltic vs isoperistaltic LGJ | AP-LGJ: 29 HPB malignancy, IP-LGJ 14 HPB malignancy | ND | 100min (AP) vs 99min (IP) | 14 (II: 1, III: 9, IV: 3) | ND | 5.1d (AP) vs 5.3 d (IP) | 8.4 d (AP) vs 8.1 d (IP) | ND | |
| Bergamaschi et al[71],1998 | 22 | Case /control: OGJ (prophylactic and GOO treatment) vs LGJ (GOO treatment) | Laparoscopy: 9 HPB malignancy | 1 ES, 3 PD | 94 min | Pneumonia (1), SSI (1), delayed gastric emptying (1) | ND | 8.4 (media) | 18.4 (media) | ND | |
| Brune et al[15], 1997 | 16 | Case series: LGJ | 13 HPB malignancy | ES/PD | 126 min (70-210) | 1 reintervention (hemorrhage), 3 delayed gastric emptying | ND | ND | 4.7 (2-8) | 16 patients untill death | |
| Nagy et al[72], 1995 | 10 | Case series: LGJ | 9 HPB malignancy | 8 ES/1 PD/ 2 simultaneous CJ | ND | 2 reconversions, 1 CCF, 1 pneumonia, 1 CD infection | ND | 10 d (4-15) | ND | All patients untill death | |
HPB: Hepatopancreatic-biliary; LOS: Length of stay; LGJ: Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy; OGJ: Open gastrojejunostomy; ND: Not described; GOO: Gastric outlet obstruction; CCJ: Cholecystojejunostomy; CJ: Choledochojejunostomy; ES: Endoscopic stent; PD: Percutaneous drainage; AP: Antiperistaltic; IP: Isoperistaltic; CCF: Congestive cardiac failure; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; CD: Clostridium difficile; DGE: Delayed gastric emptying.