Table 1.
Feature | Normal values | August 2008 | June 2013 | August 2016 | January 2017 (this admission) |
Colour | Yellow | Light yellow | |||
Turbidity | Clear | Hazy | Clear | ||
Albumin | Negative | Trace | Negative | +2 | +1 |
Ketones | Negative | Negative | Trace (0.5 mmol/L) | ||
Glucose | Negative | +1 | +3 | +3 | +3 (28 mmol/L) |
pH | 6 | 7 | 7.5 | 7 | |
Specific gravity | 1.020 | 1.012 | |||
Red blood cells | 0–9 μ/L | 1–2 | 4 | ||
White blood cells | 0–22 μ/L | 3–6 | 13 | ||
Epithelial cells | 0–13 μ/L | 9 | |||
Casts | 308 |