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. 2016 Dec 23;17(1):80–91. doi: 10.1177/1534735416684551

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© The Author(s) 2016

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 4. — Effects of carnosine on the activity and expression level of dehydrogenases in the TCA in cultured HeLa and SiHa cells. The cells were treated with 20 mM carnosine for 48 hours, and then the enzyme activity of α-KGD (A), IDH (B), and MDH (C) was measured by spectrophotometry. Results were expressed as percentage of control, and were expressed as mean ± SD. N = 3. *P < .05 versus control group. Western blot analysis of the expression of α-KGD, SDHA, IDH, and MDH in the mitochondria in cultured HeLa and SiHa cells (D).