Temporal decrease in β-catenin levels after TBI. (a) Western blots
revealing a gradual decrease in cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin
protein levels over a time course of 7 d after injury. Control
animals showed no changes in β-catenin expression during the 7 d
time frame. GAPDH was used as cytoplasmic loading control. Lamin B1
was used as a nuclear loading control; 8 µg loaded per well. (b)
Densitometric analysis showing a significant decrease in cytoplasmic
β-catenin levels (one-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05) at 7 dpi compared to
the 12 h and 1 dpi groups. (c) Similarly, there was a significant
decline in nuclear β-catenin levels (one-way ANOVA. *p < 0.05) in
the 7 dpi compared to 1 dpi group. Control (n = 13), TBI 12 h
(n = 6), 1 dpi (n = 7), 3 dpi (n = 6), and 7 dpi (n = 6) group. (d)
Western blot revealed that Cyclin D1 protein levels peak by 3 dpi
followed by reduction at 7 dpi. β-actin was used as cytoplasmic
loading control; 10 µg loaded per well. (e) Densitometric analysis
demonstrating a significant increase in Cyclin D1 levels at 1 and
3 dpi (one-way ANOVA, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001) when compared
to the 12-h group. Expression peaked at 3 dpi. There was a
significant decline in Cyclin D1 levels at 7 dpi (one-way ANOVA, *
p < 0.05) compared to the 3 dpi. (f) Western blot revealing an
increase in Wnt5a protein levels at 7 dpi compared to 1 dpi. β-actin
was used as cytoplasmic loading control. 10 µg loaded per well. (g)
Densitometry analysis showing a significant increase in Wnt5a levels
at 7 dpi (Student t-test, *p < 0.05) when compared to 1 dpi
group.