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. 2018 May 7;9:834. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00834

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Copyright © 2018 Darlington, Stopnicki, Touil, Doucet, Fawaz, Roberts, Boivin, Arbour, Freedman, Atkins and Bar-Or.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Natural killer (NK) cells augment IL-17A and RORC levels in memory CD4 T cells. Purified memory CD4⁺ T cells from healthy subject PBMCs were activated with anti-CD3, anti-CD28, and Th17 polarizing factors without (open diamond) or with NK cells (closed square). Cytokines IL-17A (A) and IFN-γ (B) were measured in the supernatant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of RORC (C) and IL17A (D) mRNA was measured by qPCR at the indicated time points. Data are representative of three samples. Groups included non-activated memory CD4⁺ T cells (T nil; closed circles), activated memory CD4⁺ T cells (T; open circle), activated memory CD4⁺ T cells with NK cells (T NK; closed squares), and NK cells cultured alone with IL-2 (NK IL-2; open squares). Representative plots of IL-17A and IFN-γ expression in NK cells (CD3⁻CD56⁺) are shown (E,F).