Table 4. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of chlorotypes for populations and population groups of T. himalayanum.

Regions	Source variation	d.f.	SS	VC	Variation (%)	FST
Whole distribution	Among populations	19	695.940	3.089	89.43
	Within populations	218	79.585	0.365	10.57
	Total	237	775.525	3.453		0.894*
EH group	Among populations	6	186.249	3.253	97.74
	Within populations	63	4.737	0.075	2.26
	Total	69	190.986	3.328		0.977*
HM group	Among populations	4	27.756	0.470	39.66
	Within populations	64	45.794	0.716	60.34
	Total	68	73.551	1.186		0.397*
NHM group	Among populations	7	358.340	4.269	93.04
	Within populations	91	29.054	0.319	3.96
	Total	98	387.394	4.588		0.930*
EH group, HM group versus NHM group	Among groups	1	59.032	0.446	16.20
NHM group	Among populations within groups	10	214.005	1.907	69.35
	Within populations	127	50.531	0.398	14.46
	Total	138	323.568	2.752		0.855*

Notes:

^*p < 0.001.

d.f., degree of freedom; SS, sum of squares; VC, variance component.