Figure 1.

Knockdown of WWC3 induces the EMT and promotes the malignancy of lung cells.

Notes: (A) WWC3 silencing induces a morphology change in A549 cells. Representative phase-contrast images of cells growing in monolayer cultures and transfected with either shCTL or two independent shRNAs targeting WWC3 (WWC3-shRNA-1 and -2). (B and D) Representative photographs of scratched areas of the confluent cell monolayer at 0 and 24 h after wounding with the cell migration indexes shown. All experiments were performed in triplicate. (C and E) Boyden chamber transwell assay of cellular invasion and the mean number of cells in five fields per membrane. Data represent the mean±SD. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 by Student’s t-test. The magnification is 400×.

Abbreviations: WWC3, WW and C2 domain containing protein-3; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; shCTL, short-hairpin RNA control.