Table 1.
sample
|
|||
---|---|---|---|
thin shell | medium shell | thick shell | |
oxidation timea | 25 min | 35 min | 45 min |
surface area (m2/g)b | 265 ± 30 | 267 ± 30 | 246 ± 30 |
pore volume (cm3/g)c | 0.71 ± 0.08 | 0.68 ± 0.08 | 0.65 ± 0.08 |
pore diameter (nm)b | 11.5 ± 1 | 11.9 ± 1 | 11.9 ± 1 |
photoluminescence λmax (nm)d | 795 | 748 | 724 |
Si feature size (nm)e | 4.6 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
% BSA loaded by adsorptionf | 5.5 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.3 |
% BSA loaded by Mg silicate trappingg | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 1 | 2.7 ± 0.8 |
Time that pSi samples (in microparticulate form) were oxidized in air at 700 °C to generate the SiO2 shell. Preparation parameters for the particles prior to oxidation were the same for all sample types.
Measured by nitrogen adsorption and determined using BET (Brunnauer–Emmett–Teller) analysis of the adsorption isotherms.
Measured by nitrogen adsorption and determined using BJH (Barret–Joyner–Halenda) analysis of the adsorption/desorption isotherms.
Measured with λex = 365 nm.
Average size of the luminescent Si features in the sample, estimated from PL spectrum using eq 1 (Eg of Si = 1.12 eV).
Mass percentage. BSA loaded from pH 4 acetate buffer by electrostatic adsorption. Each value represents mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).
Mass percentage. BSA loaded from pH 9 tris buffer in the presence of 1.3 M MgCl2(aq). Each value represents mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).