Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the participating studies
| Ancestry | Study | Total N | Men, N (%) | Age, yrs, mean |
PR interval, ms, mean± SD |
RR interval, ms, mean± SD |
BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD |
Height, cm, mean ± SD |
SBP, mmHg, mean ± SD |
Beta blockers (%) |
Diuretics (%) |
Calcium antagonists* (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European ancestry | AGES | 2052 | 742 (36.2) | 75.9±5.4 | 170.5±26.8 | 895±129 | 27.0±4.4 | 166±9 | 143±20 | 635 (31.0) | ND | 108 (5.3) |
| ARIC | 9828 | 4528 (46.1) | 54.1±5.7 | 160.3±23.3 | 928±136 | 26.9±4.7 | 169±9 | 118±17 | 789 (8.0) | 1085 (11.0) | 176 (1.8) | |
| BRIGHT | 841 | 324 (38.9) | 57.6±10.7 | 161.1±19.9 | 960±169 | 27.5±3.8 | 166±9 | 153±24 | 248 (29.5) | 260 (30.9) | 18 (2.1) | |
| CAMP | 2493 | 1394 (55.9) | 60.7±11.6 | 163.0±26.8 | 926±166 | 28.5±5.8 | 171±10 | ND | Excluded | ND | Excluded | |
| CHS | 3247 | 1313 (40.4) | 72.4±5.4 | 167.8±28.2 | 956±151 | 26.4± 4.4 | 165±9 | 136±21 | 366 (11.3) | 750 (23.1) | 206 (6.3) | |
| ERF | 982 | 447 (45.5) | 48.2±14.3 | 152.9±23.2 | 982±159 | 26.9±4.6 | 168±10 | 140±20 | 3 (0.3) | 133 (13.5) | 25 (2.5) | |
| FHS | 7580 | 3428 (45.2) | 39.3±9.8 | 152.0±22.1 | 910±175 | 26.0±5.0 | 169±10 | 119±15 | Excluded | ND | Excluded | |
| GOCHA | 355 | 161 (45.4) | 73.2±8.2 | 167.6±27.7 | 913±173 | 26.1±4.6 | 169±10 | N/A | Excluded | ND | ND | |
| GRAPHIC | 1755 | 893 (50.9) | 39.1±14.5 | 153.0±24.0 | 934±145 | 26.1±4.6 | 171±9 | 128±19 | 39 (2.2) | ND | ND | |
| INTER99 | 5836 | 2843 (48.7) | 46.1±7.9 | 158.2±22.4 | 921±150 | 26.3±4.6 | 172±9 | 130±18 | ND | ND | ND | |
| KORA | 2617 | 1247 (47.6) | 48.3±13.0 | 162.1±22.2 | 944±149 | 26.9±4.4 | 168±9 | 127±19 | 199 (7.6) | 152 (5.8) | 13 (0.5) | |
| KORCULA | 293 | 106 (36.2) | 55.0±13.4 | 159.8± 24.0 | 929±127 | 28.0± 4.3 | 168± 9 | 139± 14 | 8 (2.7) | 3 (1.0) | 6 (2.0) | |
| LifeLines | 1934 | 781 (40.3) | 45.2±13.1 | 156.7±24.7 | 896±145 | 25.9±4.5 | 175±9 | 122±16 | 64 (3.3) | 39 (2.0) | 23 (1.2) | |
| MESA | 2455 | 1171 (47.7) | 62.8±10.2 | 164.7±25.2 | 1047±158 | 27.8±5.1 | 169±10 | 123±21 | Excluded | ND | Excluded | |
| NEO | 5782 | 2717 (47.0) | 55.9±5.9 | 164.5±23.4 | 940±151 | 30.0±4.8 | 174±10 | 133±17 | Excluded | ND | ND | |
| RS | 2358 | 1086 (46.1) | 68.6±8.1 | 168.2±24.7 | 871±144 | 26.3±3.6 | 168± 9 | ND | 293 (12.4) | ND | ND | |
| GS:SFHS | 9168 | 3786 (41.3) | 52.0±13.6 | 164.1± 24.9 | 886±146 | 26.9± 5.1 | 168± 10 | 134± 18 | 192 (2.1) | ND | ND | |
| SHIP | 6493 | 2608 (40.2) | 49.2±15.3 | 158.5±23.3 | 897±146 | 27.5±5.0 | 170±9 | 131±20 | ND | ND | ND | |
| TwinsUK | 465 | 32 (6.9) | 52.3±11.7 | 159.6±22.6 | 923±148 | 26.8±5.4 | 163±7 | 119±16 | ND | ND | ND | |
| UHP | 1735 | 779 (44.9) | 39.1±13.0 | 155.9±22.5 | 950±151 | 24.9±3.9 | 175±10 | 125±17 | 69 (4.6) | 32 (1.8) | 18 (1.0) | |
| WHI | 13252 | 0 (0) | 66.0±6.5 | 161.4±24.0 | 921±138 | 28.7±5.6 | 162±6 | 130±18 | 735 (5.5) | 1715 (13.3) | 1230 (9.3) | |
| YFS | 1846 | 824 (44.6) | 41.9±5.0 | 156.2±22.6 | 1028±165 | 26.4±4.9 | 172±9 | 119±14 | 38 (2.1) | 24 (1.3) | 1 (0.1) | |
| African ancestry | ARIC | 3366 | 1291 (38.4) | 53.3±5.8 | 171.2±26.8 | 929±151 | 29.4±6.1 | 168±9 | 128±22 | 315 (9.4) | 717 (21.3) | 222 (6.6) |
| CHS | 627 | 232 (37.0) | 72.4±5.5 | 170.2±28.1 | 918±161 | 28.4± 5.5 | 165±9 | 142± 22 | 54 (8.6) | 217 (34.6) | 60 (9.6) | |
| JHS | 2220 | 833 (37.5) | 52.7±12.5 | 172.7±27.3 | 956±150 | 31.4±6.4 | 169±9 | 126±18 | Excluded | ND | Excluded | |
| MESA | 1565 | 718 (45.9) | 62.3±10.0 | 170.9±26.3 | 1050±172 | 30.2±5.9 | 168±10 | 132±21 | Excluded | ND | Excluded | |
| WHI | 1658 | 0 (0) | 64.6±6.4 | 167.1± 24.8 | 921±148 | 31.1±5.8 | 162±7 | 134±17 | 87 (5.2) | 393 (23.7) | 341 (20.6) |
Exclusion criteria are given in Supplementary Table 1. SBP, systolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; ND, not determined; SD, standard deviation;
*
Non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists.