Table 1.

Neuropathological and behavioural features of the knockout mice.

			Mean ± SEM			One-way ANOVA using Tukey’s multiple comparisons test
			WT	dKO	sKO	WT vs dKO			WT vs sKO			dKO vs sKO
			n = 19 (13 M)	n = 9 (5 M)	n = 10 (8 M)	Mean diff.	95% CI of diff.	Adjusted P Value	Mean diff.	95% CI of diff.	Adjusted P Value	Mean diff.	95% CI of diff.	Adjusted P Value
Age (m)			18.94 ± 0.40	18.2 ± 0.37	20.15 ± 0.64	0.67	−1.01 to 2.36	0.60	−1.21	−2.84 to 0.42	0.18	−1.89	−3.80 to 0.03	0.05
Weight (g)			40.61 ± 1.51	37.86 ± 1.48	38.16 ± 1.49	2.75	−2.91 to 8.41	0.47	2.46	−3.01 to 7.92	0.52	−0.29	−6.72 to 6.13	0.99
SN Stereology	TH + neurons		6211.58 ± 354.59	6265.11 ± 343.33	6736.70 ± 170.81	−53.53	−1284.88 to 1178.82	0.99	−525.10	−1713.96 to 663.72	0.53	−471.60	−1869.74 to 926.57	0.69
	Nissl + neurons		8619.95 ± 489.30	9253.89 ± 536.60	9852.1 ± 476.46	−633.94	−2490.71 to 1222.83	0.69	−1232.15	−3024.82 to 560.52	0.23	−598.21	−2706.51 to 1510.09	0.77
Open field	Distance travelled (m)		100.04 ± 6.27	95.83 ± 5.66	94.32 ± 6.02	3.04	−19.85 to 25.92	0.94	4.63	−17.46 to 26.71	0.87	1.59	−24.61 to 27.79	0.99
	Perimeter time (sec)		1607.20 ± 68.59	1686.72 ± 38.63	1493.79 ± 69.15	−79.46	−324.72 to 165.77	0.71	113.40	−123.35 to 350.18	0.48	192.90	−85.58 to 471.33	0.22
Rotarod	Latency to fall (sec)		123.58 ± 8.66	121.58 ± 9.54	139.52 ± 11.14	1.99	−32.87 to 36.85	0.99	−15.94	−49.60 to 17.72	0.49	−17.93	−57.52 to 21.65	0.52
Grip Strength	Peak tension (gf)		115.29 ± 5.76	125.56 ± 4.24	109.86 ± 7.73	−10.26	−32.72 to 12.20	0.51	5.44	−16.25 to 27.12	0.81	15.70	−9.81 to 41.20	0.30
Odour	Time to find food (sec)		117.58 ± 18.82	107.22 ± 13.63	130.5 ± 27.17	10.36	−64.68 to 85.39	0.94	−12.92	−85.37 to 59.53	0.90	−23.28	−108.48 to 61.92	0.78
Gut motility	Food (g/day)		10.66 ± 0.48	9.70 ± 1.30	10.38 ± 0.66	0.96	−1.62 to 3.54	0.64	0.34	−2.15 to 2.83	0.94	−0.62	−3.55 to 2.31	0.86
	Faecal pellets (no./day)		124.89 ± 4.38	113.44 ± 7.91	122.60 ± 3.82	11.45	−7.18 to 30.08	0.30	2.30	−15.69 to 20.28	0.95	−9.16	−30.31 to 12.00	0.55
Beam walking test	30 mm	Time to transverse (sec)	3.46 ± 0.25	3.71 ± 0.36	3.30 ± 0.21	−0.26	−1.24 to 0.72	0.80	0.16	−0.79 to 1.10	0.92	0.41	−0.70 to 1.52	0.64
		slips	0.63 ± 0.19	0.88 ± 0.41	0.20 ± 0.13	−0.26	−1.13 to 0.61	0.75	0.43	−0.41 to 1.27	0.43	0.69	−0.30 to 1.68	0.22
	18 mm	Time to transverse (sec)	3.40 ± 0.21	3.44 ± 0.28	3.18 ± 0.28	−0.04	−0.93 to 0.85	0.99	0.22	−0.64 to 1.08	0.80	0.26	−0.75 to 1.27	0.81
		slips	1.13 ± 0.23	1.39 ± 0.63	0.90 ± 0.35	−0.26	−1.53 to 1.01	0.87	0.23	−1.00 to 1.45	0.89	0.49	−1.00 to 1.93	0.69
	12 mm	Time to transverse (sec)	6.00 ± 0.60	5.34 ± 1.06	4.19 ± 0.49	0.66	−1.86 to 3.18	0.80	1.82	−0.61 to 4.25	0.17	1.16	−1.70 to 4.02	0.59
		slips	2.95 ± 0.55	3.11 ± 2.00	2.45 ± 1.25	−0.16	−4.02 to 3.70	0.99	0.50	−3.23 to 4.22	0.94	0.66	−3.72 to 5.04	0.93
Gait analysis	Forelimb stride length (mm)	Left	6.90 ± 0.21	7.56 ± 0.14	7.39 ± 0.19	−0.67	−1.41 to 0.07	0.08	−0.50	−1.21 to 0.21	0.21	0.17	−0.67 to 1.01	0.88
		Right	6.85 ± 0.21	7.59 ± 0.14	7.45 ± 0.15	−0.73	−1.44 to −0.02	0.04	−0.61	−1.30 to 0.07	0.09	0.12	−0.68 to 0.92	0.93
	Hindlimb stride length (cm)	Left	6.83 ± 0.20	7.50 ± 0.14	7.23 ± 0.23	−0.67	−1.43 to 0.08	0.09	−0.40	−1.13 to 0.32	0.37	0.27	−0.59 to 1.13	0.72
		Right	6.83 ± 0.21	7.52 ± 0.17	7.28 ± 0.19	−0.69	−1.45 to 0.07	0.08	−0.44	−1.17 to 0.30	0.32	0.25	−0.61 to 1.12	0.76
	Sway length (cm)	Forelimb	1.49 ± 0.04	1.43 ± 0.06	1.42 ± 0.05	0.08	−0.10 to 0.25	0.53	0.07	−0.10 to 0.24	0.58	−0.01	−0.21 to 0.19	1.00
		Hindlimb	3.03 ± 0.05	3.03 ± 0.09	2.86 ± 0.08	−0.01	−0.27 to 0.24	0.99	0.16	−0.08 to 0.41	0.25	0.17	−0.11 to 0.46	0.31
	Paw overlap (cm)	Left	1.35 ± 0.09	1.03 ± 0.12	1.05 ± 0.09	0.33	−0.03 to 0.67	0.07	0.31	−0.03 to 0.65	0.08	−0.02	−0.42 to 0.38	0.99
		Right	1.50 ± 0.10	1.34 ± 0.11	1.07 ± 0.11	0.14	−0.26 to 0.55	0.66	0.43	0.04 to 0.82	0.03	0.29	−0.17 to 0.74	0.29