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Increased levels of inflammatory mediators in plasma of TB-HIV. Plasma samples from 31 participants were analyzed for cytokines and chemokines using a multi-analyte detection system (Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD, USA). Plasma samples from 1 individual from each of the TB-HIV and HIV were not available. Data is represented as absolute value for each participant for a given cytokine or chemokine (a-d). Significance was determined by Mann Whitney U test. ****p < 0.0001
