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. 2018 Apr 30;2018:3231647. doi: 10.1155/2018/3231647

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Copyright © 2018 Xingxing Yuan et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Effects of astragalosides on TGF-β₁/Smad signaling pathway. The expressions of TGF-β₁, TβR-I, p-Smad 2, Smad 2, p-Smad 3, Smad 3, and Smad 7 proteins were analyzed by western blot; Smad 2, Smad 3, and β-actin served as corresponding control. AST was found to attenuate the expression of TGF-β1, TβR-I, p-Smad 2, and p-Smad 3 proteins and enhance the expression of Smad 7, with no influence on the levels of Smad 2 and Smad 3 proteins. AST: astragalosides; LY-364947: TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor. The values presented are the means ± SD (n = 10 in each group). P < 0.05 and ^∗∗P < 0.01 versus control group; ^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.01 versus model group (CCL4).