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Pre-and post-treatment VFSS outcome measures. All tests performed with paired t-tests
| Parameter | n | Pre-treatment (+/− SD) | Post-treatment (+/− SD) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PESAP opening (cm) | 15 | 1.05 (0.34) | 1.48 (0.41) | 0.0003 |
| PESL opening (cm) | 17 | 0.58 (0.18) | 0.76 (0.30) | 0.018 |
| Pharyngeal constriction ratio | 13 | 0.49 (0.37) | 0.24 (0.15) | 0.015 |
| Pharyngeal area (cm2) | 12 | 9.45 (3.62) | 9.52 (3.96) | 0.91 |
PESAP upper esophageal sphincter in anterior-posterior view, PESL upper esophageal opening in lateral view
