Standard white-light endoscopy (with ramdom biopsies) |
Increases dysplasia detection rate |
Longer procedure times and cost |
[24–26] |
High-definition endoscopy (with targeted biopsies) |
Provides images of substantially higher resolution for dysplasia detection |
Cost |
[31] |
Chromoendoscopy (with targeted biopsies) |
Contrast dye highlights irregularities in the mucosal architecture |
Requirement for specialized equipment, additional training and longer procedure time |
[30, 32, 33] |
Fujinon intelligent colour enhancement and i-Scan digital contrast |
Enhances subtle changes of the mucosal surface |
Limited relevant data |
[34, 35] |
Narrow-band imaging |
Enhances mucosal surface contrast |
Lower sensitivity to detect dysplasia |
[36] |
Confocal laser endomicroscopy |
Makes real-time microscopy available in vivo during examination |
Longer procedure time, the need for extra equipment and training, and requirement for interpreting the images |
[38–40] |
Full-spectrum endoscopy |
Increases visual field to increase mucosal visualization |
Longer withdrawal and total procedure time |
[41] |