Fig. 1.

IFNγ signaling triggers early, NO-independent, but Akt-dependent activation of glycolysis.

(a) Real-time measurement of ECAR and OCR of BMDMs, unstimulated (control) or stimulated with IFN-γ or IL-4, vertical line indicates time of cytokine injection. Data are representative of three independent experiments (n = 5, mean ± sem).

(b) Real-time measurement of ECAR and OCR of BMDMs, unstimulated (control) or stimulated with LPS or IFN-β, vertical line indicates time of cytokine injection. Data are representative of two independent experiments (n = 5, mean ± sem).

(c) ECAR and OCR profiles of BMDMs, measured 24 h after unstimulated conditions (control) or stimulation with IFN-γ (n = 5).

(d) Real-time measurement of ECAR and OCR of BMDMs, unstimulated (control) or stimulated with IFN-γ with or without 1-hour pretreatment with 5 mM L-NAME or 20 μM triciribine, vertical line indicates time of injection of IFN-γ. Data are representative of two independent experiments (n = 4, mean ± sem).

(e) ECAR, OCR and OCR/ECAR ratio of BMDMs, unstimulated (control) or stimulated with IFN-γ for 24 h with or without 1-hour pretreatment with 5 mM L-NAME. *p < .05, NS: no significant difference. Data are representative of two independent experiments (n = 3–5, mean ± sem).