Table 2.

Components of Chinese herbal formulas used in the included trials.

References	Formula	Components
Ye, 2013	LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 15 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 15 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 10 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 10 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 10 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 10 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 10 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 5 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 10 g, and Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 5 g.
Li, 2015	LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 15 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 15 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 10 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 10 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 10 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 10 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 10 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 5 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 10 g, and Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 5 g.
Chen et al., 2014	modified LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao), Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis), Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis), Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri), Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae), Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis), Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis), Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae), Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae), Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Gastrodia (Tianma, Gastrodiae Rhizoma), Gambir Vine Stems and Thorns (Gouteng, Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis), Abalone Shell (Shijueming, Haliotidis Concha), Eucommia Bark (Duzhong, Cortex Eucommiae Ulmoidis), Achyranthes Root (Niuxi, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Chinese Taxillus Twig (Sangjisheng, Herba Taxilli), Poria (Fuling, Scierotium Poriae Cocos), and Flowey Knotweed Stem (Yejiaoteng, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis). If constipation was identifed, Magnolia Bark (Houpu, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis), Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi, Fructus Citri Seu Ponciri Immaturus), Rhubarb Root and Rhizome (Dahuang, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei), and Sodium Sulfate Powder (Mangxiao, Natrii Sulfas Exsiccatus) were added. If severe vertigo was identified, Fossilized Mammal Bones (Longgu, Os Draconis) and Oyster Shell (Muli, Concha Ostreae) were added. If hypertnesion or unstable blood pressure was identifed, Antelope Horn (Lingyangjiao, Cornu Saigae Tataricae) was added.
Cao et al., 2014	modified LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 30 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 15 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 15 g, Ricepaperplant Pith (Tongcao, Medulla Tetrapanacis) 15 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 15 g, Plantain Herb (Cheqiancao, Herba Plantaginis) 15 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 30 g, Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 15 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 15 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 30 g, Achyranthes Root (Niuxi, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) 30 g, Earthworm (Dilong, Lumbricus) 15 g, Prunella (Xiakucao, Spica Prunellae Vulgaris) 15 g, and Seaweed (Haizao, Sargassum) 15 g.
Xu, 2014	LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 15 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 19 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 10 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 20 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 10 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 10 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 12 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 20 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 10 g, and Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 10 g.
Ma, 2015	modified LDXGD	Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 15 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 15 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 15 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 15 g, Plantain Herb (Cheqiancao, Herba Plantaginis) 15 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 15 g, Prunella (Xiakucao, Spica Prunellae Vulgaris) 15 g, Ricepaperplant Pith (Tongcao, Medulla Tetrapanacis) 15 g, Seaweed (Haizao, Sargassum) 15 g, Earthworm (Dilong, Lumbricus) 15 g, Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 15 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 30 g, Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 30 g, and Achyranthes Root (Niuxi, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) 30 g.
Li, 2014	LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 15 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 15 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 10 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 10 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 10 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 10 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 10 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 10 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 5 g, and Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 5 g.
Yu and Ma, 2004	modified LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 15 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 30 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 30 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 15 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 10 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 15 g, Achyranthes Root (Niuxi, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) 15 g, Earthworm (Dilong, Lumbricus) 10 g, Prunella (Xiakucao, Spica Prunellae Vulgaris) 30 g, and Seaweed (Haizao, Sargassum) 15 g.
He and Wang, 2010	LDXGD	Chinese Gentian Root (Longdancao, Radix Gentianae Longdancao) 9 g, Baical Skullcap Root (Huangqin, Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) 12 g, Gardenia (Zhizi, Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis) 12 g, Thorowax Root (Chaihu, Radix Bupleuri) 9 g, Alisma (Zexie, Rhizoma Alismatis) 12 g, Plantain Seed (Cheqianzi, Semen Plantaginis) 9 g, Rehmannia (Dihuang, Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae) 9 g, Akebia Stem (Mutong, Caulis Akebiae) 9 g, Chinese Angelica Root (Danggui, Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 6 g, and Liquoric Root (Gancao, Radix Glycyrrhizae) 6 g. If severe headache and vertigo were identified, Prunella (Xiakucao, Spica Prunellae Vulgaris) 9 g or Abalone Shell (Shijueming, Haliotidis Concha) 6 g was added. If constipation was identified, Rhubarb Root and Rhizome (Dahuang, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei) 6 g was added. If deficiency of yin was identified, Ningpo Figwort Root (Xuanshen, Radix Scrophulariae Ningpoensis) 9 g was added.

LDXGD, longdanxiegan decoction.