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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Pathol. 2017 Nov 1;243(4):431–441. doi: 10.1002/path.4983

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Gene expression in human normal livers and HCC specimens as well as in wild-type male mice with and without butyrate supplementation. (A) The mRNA level of genes involved in the FXR signaling pathway and SCFA receptors in HCCs (T, n = 14) and normal liver tissues (N, n = 14) (left figure for each gene). In the 28 liver specimens studied, ten pairs were derived from HCC and adjacent normal tissues of the same patients (right figure for each gene). Colonic (B) and hepatic (C) gene expression in 2-month-old wild-type male mice with and without sodium butyrate supplementation (1 g/kg body weight, oral gavage, daily for 7 days). n = 4 per group. (D) Hepatic protein levels of the same mice described in C. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Two-tailed Student’s t-test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.