Table 5.
HIV-positive; HIV-negative and Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels of neprilysin, ratios, and indexes.
| Biomarker | HIV+ | AD | CTRL | Diff (95% CI)a | pa | Diff (95% CI)b | pb | Diff (95% CI)c | pc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSF (n) | 68 | 24 | 13 | ||||||
| NEP | 1.19 (0.17) | 1.14 (0.34) | 1.08 (0.29) | 0.22(−0.31, 0.76) | 0.58 | −0.57(−1.2, 0.06) | 0.077 | −0.19(−0.86, 0.49) | 0.59 |
| NEP/Aβ-38 | −2.11 (0.26) | −2.11 (0.42) | −2.25 (0.30) | −0.01(−0.48, 0.45) | 0.82 | −0.52(−1.12, 0.08) | 0.089 | −0.37(−1.15, 0.41) | 0.53 |
| NEP/Aβ-40 | −2.42 (0.23) | −2.47 (0.39) | −2.57 (0.29) | 0.18(−0.35, 0.71) | 0.58 | −0.63(−1.32, 0.06) | 0.071 | −0.28(−0.99, 0.43) | 0.53 |
| NEP/Aβ-42 | −1.44 (0.26) | −1.32 (0.45) | −1.70 (0.29) | −0.38(−1, 0.23) | 0.58 | −0.98(−1.78, −0.17) | 0.009 | −0.95(−1.88, −0.01) | 0.41 |
| NEP/Aβ-total | −2.62 (0.24) | −2.65 (0.40) | −2.78 (0.29) | 0.09(−0.4, 0.58) | 0.65 | −0.62(−1.31, 0.07) | 0.071 | −0.35(−1.12, 0.43) | 0.53 |
| Serum (n) | 61 | 24 | 07 | ||||||
| NEP | 2.35 (0.23) | 2.18 (0.23) | 2.19 (0.22) | 0.71(0.23, 1.18) | 0.007 | −0.67(−1.3, −0.04) | 0.056 | 0.04(−0.64, 0.71) | 0.93 |
| NEP/Aβ-38 | 1.5 (0.67) | 0.76 (0.85) | 1.3 (0.53) | 0.97(0.45, 1.47) | <0.001 | −0.27(−0.86, 0.33) | 0.28 | 0.69(−0.11, 1.48) | 0.26 |
| NEP/Aβ-40 | 0.40 (0.39) | −0.11 (0.59) | 0.06 (0.22) | 1.14(0.58, 1.71) | <0.001 | −0.92(−1.64, −0.19) | 0.026 | 0.35(−0.43, 1.13) | 0.26 |
| NEP/Aβ-42 | 1.67 (0.42) | 1.08 (0.63) | 1.25 (0.20) | 1.22(0.56, 1.87) | <0.001 | −1.08(−1.89, −0.27) | 0.018 | 0.31(−0.47, 1.08) | 0.26 |
| NEP/Aβ-total | 0.32 (0.41) | −0.22 (0.61) | −0.01 (0.22) | 1.15(0.58, 1.72) | <0.001 | −0.84(−1.51, −0.17) | 0.026 | 0.42(−0.36, 1.2) | 0.26 |
| CSF/Serum | 61 | 24 | 07 | ||||||
| NEP | −1.16 (0.29) | −1.04 (0.46) | −1.11 (0.37) | −0.36(−0.83, 0.11) | 0.21 | 0.16(−0.45, 0.76) | 0.69 | −0.17(−0.85, 0.5) | 0.70 |
| NEP/Aβ-38 | −3.59 (0.73) | −2.87 (0.90) | −3.50 (0.29) | −0.93(−1.45, −0.4) | <0.001 | 0.12(−0.49, 0.73) | 0.57 | −0.85(−1.72, 0.03) | 0.20 |
| NEP/Aβ-40 | −2.84 (0.43) | −2.36 (0.69) | −2.60 (0.31) | −0.94(−1.46, −0.42) | <0.001 | 0.58(−0.14, 1.29) | 0.17 | −0.41(−1.12, 0.31) | 0.48 |
| NEP/Aβ-42 | −3.13 (0.43) | −2.41 (0.68) | −2.91 (0.28) | −1.43(−2.1, −0.76) | <0.001 | 0.54(−0.18, 1.25) | 0.17 | −0.88(−1.75, 0) | 0.20 |
| NEP/Aβ-total | −2.96 (0.46) | −2.43 (0.69 | −2.74 (0.28) | −1.01(−1.59, −0.43) | <0.001 | 0.51(−0.2, 1.22) | 0.17 | −0.53(−1.29, 0.23) | 0.43 |
| NEP Indexd | 0.99 (0.43) | – | 1.28 (0.41) | – | 0.67 (−0.15, 1.49) | 0.038 | 0.67 (−0.15, 1.49) | 0.038 |
Values were log10-transformed and presented in mean (SD)
a
HIV(+)xAD
b
HIV(+)xCTRL
c
ADxCTRL.Values in median (IQR); Diff: Group differences presented as Cohen’s d; CI: confidence interval; all p values adjusted for multiple testing with the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) method, (a) and (c) adjusted for gender or age and BH method. Significant differences are in bold typeface.
d
NEPIndex=(NEPCSF × Albserum)/(NEPserum × AlbCSF)