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. 2018 May 15;9:1919. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04173-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Nonlinearity in the surface albedo feedback factor for three consecutive doublings of CO₂. The feedback factor, defined as the ratio of the magnitude of the albedo feedback on the Planck feedback, is calculated using the radiative kernel technique⁸⁵ and zonal averages are plotted for three consecutive doublings of CO₂ concentrations in CCSM3. The global average feedback factor decreases⁸⁷ from 0.097 for 2xCO₂–CNTL to 0.053 for 8xCO₂–4xCO₂