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. 2018 May 15;8:7576. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26049-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of plasma on chicken sperm mRNA and protein expression. Semen of 60-week-old cocks was exposed to varying plasma potentials for 20 s. Relative mRNA levels of the following genes were measured: (a) NOX4, NRF2, and KEAP1; (b) SOD, CAT, and GPx; (c) PRDX1, PRDX3, PRDX4, and PRDX6; (d) ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATP5C1, ATP5F1, ATP5G1, ATP5G3, ATP5H, ATP5I, ATP5J, ATP5J2, ATP5L, and ATP5S; and (e) AMPKα2, AMPKβ2, AMPKγ3, and mTOR. (f) Western blot analysis of protein bands. Uncropped immunoblot scans are presented in Supplementary Figure S1. The grouping of gels/blots cropped from different gels. All blots were visualized with 5 min exposure time. Relative protein levels of (g) NRF2, KEAP1, PRDX4, (h) ATP5A, (i) p-AMPKα/AMPKα, and (j) p-mTOR/mTOR. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard error (n = 3) of three replicates; n represents an individual cock. ^*p < 0.05 versus control; ^**p < 0.01 versus control, according to one-way ANOVA and LSD test.