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. 2018 May 15;8:7572. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25862-2

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Superposed Epoch Analysis of the temperature response to volcanic eruptions. SH (left) and NH (right) temperature anomalies relative to 5-year pre-eruption means. Lines (shading) represent ensemble medians (9–95% range). Red: model truth, black: real proxies, other colors: PPE. Cyan shading is the 5–95% range of monte-carlo sampled years during non-volcanic periods. Distributions are across all model simulations and ensemble members. Model truth and real proxy data are shown in all panels for better comparison.