Fig. 3.

Magnetic behaviors of the LSMO film and the LSMO/LCO SLs. a,b Thermomagnetic curves of the LSMO film (6 nm) and the LSMO(4 nm)/LCO(3 nm) SLs, respectively. The data were acquired in field-cooling mode with in-plane (IP) or out-of-plane (OP) applied fields. Purple and orange areas highlight the difference of the magnetic moments along two measuring directions. Two M–T curves recorded along the in-plane and the out-of-plane directions, respectively, sometimes cross one another, as the spin re-orientation has changed relative variations of the magnetic moment with temperature along these two directions. Blue triangles mark the temperature for spin reorientation. c Magnetic moment as a function of applied fields, extracted from the data in b at T = 10 K. Shaded area corresponds to the energy required to orientate magnetic moment towards film plane. Here, the data at 10 K were presented simply because that our measuring system is most easily thermally stabilized at this temperature. At low temperatures well below the Curie temperature, the magnetic properties of the multilayers are nearly temperature independent. d Anisotropy constant of the LSMO(4 nm)/LCO(3 nm) SLs (blue curve) and the plain LSMO film (black curve). The expected anisotropy constant of the SLs is presented by a dashed line