FIG 6 .

L. monocytogenes cell-to-cell spread is generally enhanced by nitric oxide in nonphagocytic cells. (A to C) Focus areas of L. monocytogenes in WT TIB73 (A), Caco-2 (B), or Huh7 (C) cells treated with the nitric oxide donor NOC-12. (D) Western blot of L. monocytogenes ActA and P60 (loading control) proteins expressed at 5 hpi in Huh7 cells plus or minus treatment with NOC-12, performed in biological triplicates. (E) Growth (OD₆₀₀ values) of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, or Listeria monocytogenes in TSB containing the indicated concentrations of the nitric oxide donors DEA/NO and NOC-12. n = 3. Error bars represent SD. (F) Results of the same experiment shown in panel D, with growth times plotted (hours) to reach the indicated OD₆₀₀ in the presence of increasing concentrations of DEA/NO and NOC-12. In panels A to C, median values are indicated by bars. All foci measured at 8 hpi are shown and were plotted as the percentage of wild-type L. monocytogenes in untreated WT cells. All data are representative of two independent experiments, except in panel D, where three biological replicates are shown together. *, P ≤ 0.05; ***, P ≤ 0.0001.