Table 4.
Structural equation modeling results for value-specific models.
| Unstandardized effects |
Standardized effects |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | direct | indirect | direct | indirect | |
| 1 | UN → ATT | –0.420 (0.048)*** | –0.400 (0.038)*** | ||
| UN → VIO | –0.250 (0.143)* | –0.164 (0.047)*** | –0.148 (0.082)* | –0.097 (0.027)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.391 (0.110)*** | 0.242 (0.066)*** | |||
| 2 | BE → ATT | –0.301 (0.075)*** | –0.284 (0.043)*** | ||
| BE → VIO | –0.263 (0.152)* | –0.122 (0.040)** | –0.155 (0.089)* | –0.072 (0.019)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.405 (0.095)*** | 0.253 (0.057)*** | |||
| 3 | TRCO → ATT | –0.328 (0.048)*** | –0.288 (0.038)*** | ||
| TRCO → VIO | –0.406 (0.167)** | –0.132 (0.037)*** | –0.219 (0.083)** | –0.071 (0.018)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.402 (0.095)*** | 0.246 (0.055)*** | |||
| 4 | SE → ATT | –0.291 (0.053)*** | –0.329 (0.038)*** | ||
| SE → VIO | –0.373 (0.141)** | –0.106 (0.031)*** | –0.257 (0.082)*** | –0.073 (0.020)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.365 (0.100)*** | 0.222 (0.060)*** | |||
| 5 | PO → ATT | 0.389 (0.067)*** | 0.216 (0.041)*** | ||
| PO → VIO | 0.266 (0.233) | 0.172 (0.047)*** | 0.093 (0.077) | 0.060 (0.017)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.443 (0.091)*** | 0.279 (0.052)*** | |||
| 6 | AC → ATT | –0.071 (0.036)* | –0.066 (0.033)* | ||
| AC → VIO | 0.013 (0.122) | –0.033 (0.018)* | 0.008 (0.072) | –0.020 (0.010)* | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.473 (0.089)*** | 0.301 (0.050)*** | |||
| 7 | HE → ATT | 0.058 (0.045) | 0.048 (0.037) | ||
| HE → VIO | 0.219 (0.166) | 0.027 (0.021) | 0.113 (0.084) | 0.014 (0.011) | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.468 (0.089)*** | 0.295 (0.050)*** | |||
| 8 | ST → ATT | 0.224 (0.054)*** | 0.173 (0.040)*** | ||
| ST → VIO | 0.285 (0.223) | 0.099 (0.030)*** | 0.138 (0.105) | 0.048 (0.014)*** | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.442 (0.089)*** | 0.278 (0.052)*** | |||
| 9 | SD → ATT | –0.179 (0.086)* | –0.104 (0.049)* | ||
| SD → VIO | 0.087 (0.260) | –0.086 (0.044)* | 0.032 (0.095) | –0.032 (0.016)* | |
| ATT → VIO | 0.478 (0.092)*** | 0.304 (0.052)*** | |||
UN = universalism, BE = benevolence, TRCO = tradition/conformity, SE = security, PO = power, AC = achievement, HE = hedonism, ST = stimulation, SD = self-direction, ATT = attitude toward interpersonal violence, VIO = interpersonal violent behavior, all coefficients aimed at VIO are probit coefficients, N= 1,810. ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 (one-tailed test). Standard errors in parentheses. Total effects can be obtained as the sum of direct and indirect effects.