Table 3.
Results of the pulmonary function test among Sasang constitutional types (ANCOVA).
| Variables | TE | SE | SY | P value | Post hoc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (with sex) | 153 | 72 | 166 | ||
| Number of subjects | |||||
| VT, liters | 0.63 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.04 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | 0.4283 | |
| VC, liters | 4.18 ± 0.05 | 4.11 ± 0.07 | 4.26 ± 0.04 | 0.1140 | |
| IC, liters | 2.67 ± 0.04 | 2.58 ± 0.06 | 2.69 ± 0.03 | 0.2174 | |
| ERV, liters | 1.52 ± 0.05 | 1.53 ± 0.06 | 1.57 ± 0.04 | 0.6807 | |
| IRV, liters | 2.04 ± 0.04 | 1.95 ± 0.06 | 2.02 ± 0.04 | 0.4930 | |
| FVC, liters | 4.18 ± 0.05 | 4.13 ± 0.07 | 4.3 ± 0.04 | 0.0195 | |
| FEV1, liters | 3.4 ± 0.05 | 3.31 ± 0.06 | 3.49 ± 0.04 | 0.0214 | SY > SE |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 81.89 ± 0.84 | 80.28 ± 1.15 | 81.39 ± 0.68 | 0.5863 | |
| VO2max (mL/(kg·min)) | 41.06 ± 0.57 | 40.06 ± 0.79 | 41.56 ± 0.47 | 0.2009 | |
| AT (mL/(kg·min)) | 22.89 ± 0.41 | 23.14 ± 0.57 | 22.98 ± 0.34 | 0.9485 | |
| Exercise time (sec) | 653.43 ± 7.29 | 618.87 ± 10.02 | 663.69 ± 5.95 | 0.0002 | TE > SE, SY > SE |
|
| |||||
| Male | 89 | 26 | 89 | ||
| Number of subjects | |||||
| VT, liters | 0.69 ± 0.04 | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.74 ± 0.03 | 0.4619 | |
| VC, liters | 4.88 ± 0.07 | 4.97 ± 0.13 | 4.99 ± 0.07 | 0.5799 | |
| IC, liters | 3.22 ± 0.06 | 3.07 ± 0.11 | 3.15 ± 0.05 | 0.5758 | |
| ERV, liters | 1.67 ± 0.06 | 1.9 ± 0.12 | 1.84 ± 0.06 | 0.1486 | |
| IRV, liters | 2.53 ± 0.06 | 2.29 ± 0.11 | 2.4 ± 0.06 | 0.2204 | |
| FVC, liters | 4.87 ± 0.07 | 4.9 ± 0.12 | 5.06 ± 0.06 | 0.0930 | |
| FEV1, liters | 3.95 ± 0.06 | 3.87 ± 0.12 | 4.09 ± 0.06 | 0.0892 | |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 81.51 ± 1.03 | 78.96 ± 1.86 | 80.93 ± 0.91 | 0.5394 | |
| VO2max (mL/(kg·min)) | 45.01 ± 0.79 | 44.2 ± 1.42 | 45.41 ± 0.69 | 0.6851 | |
| AT (mL/(kg·min)) | 24.2 ± 0.59 | 25.18 ± 1.06 | 24.49 ± 0.52 | 0.7638 | |
| Exercise time (sec) | 701.51 ± 10.57 | 664.48 ± 19.1 | 710.7 ± 9.34 | 0.0636 | |
|
| |||||
| Female | 64 | 46 | 77 | ||
| Number of subjects | |||||
| VT, liters | 0.58 ± 0.04 | 0.49 ± 0.04 | 0.58 ± 0.03 | 0.1555 | |
| VC, liters | 3.42 ± 0.07 | 3.23 ± 0.07 | 3.46 ± 0.05 | 0.0271 | SY > SE |
| IC, liters | 2.06 ± 0.06 | 2.02 ± 0.06 | 2.18 ± 0.04 | 0.0373 | |
| ERV, liters | 1.39 ± 0.06 | 1.2 ± 0.06 | 1.28 ± 0.04 | 0.1251 | |
| IRV, liters | 1.49 ± 0.06 | 1.53 ± 0.07 | 1.6 ± 0.05 | 0.3310 | |
| FVC, liters | 3.45 ± 0.07 | 3.29 ± 0.07 | 3.47 ± 0.05 | 0.0823 | |
| FEV1, liters | 2.82 ± 0.07 | 2.68 ± 0.07 | 2.84 ± 0.05 | 0.1580 | |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 82.05 ± 1.43 | 81.5 ± 1.5 | 81.96 ± 1.05 | 0.9614 | |
| VO2max (mL/(kg·min)) | 37.04 ± 0.84 | 35.28 ± 0.89 | 37.35 ± 0.62 | 0.1232 | |
| AT (mL/(kg·min)) | 21.45 ± 0.57 | 21.22 ± 0.6 | 21.38 ± 0.42 | 0.9663 | |
| Exercise time (sec) | 601.64 ± 9.79 | 566.46 ± 10.31 | 612.72 ± 7.17 | 0.0005 | SY > SE |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard error. P value: ANCOVA test result. Data are adjusted for sex, age, height, weight, and presence of diabetes mellitus. TE: Tae-Eum, SE: So-Eum, SY: So-Yang, VT: tidal volume, VC: vital capacity, IC: inspiratory capacity, ERV: expiratory reserve volume, IRV: inspiratory reserve volume, FVC: forced vital capacity, FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, VO2max: maximal oxygen consumption, and AT: anaerobic threshold.