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. 2018 Apr 24;9(31):21904–21920. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25105

Figure 4. Induction of apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells by CSA-13 and its magnetic derivative.

Figure 4

Percentage of early apoptotic (dark grey bars), late apoptotic/dead cells (grey bars) and dead cells (light bars) (A) and the level of DNA fragmentation (B) in MCF-7 cells after ceragenin-mediated treatment. Panel C demonstrates alternations in morphology of treated cancer cells assesses using phase contrast microscopy, panel D shows morphological alternations in nuclei of MCF-7 cells upon treatment with CSA-13, MNP@CSA-13 and MNPs when compared to uncreated cells. White arrows indicate treatment-induced morphological changes in nuclei. All experiments were performed using agents in a concentration of 20 µg/mL for 24 h. Panels A and B present results from 3 independent experiments ± SD, for panels (C) and (D) results from one representative experiment were shown. *indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05) when compared to corresponding cells population in control samples (panel A) or untreated control (panel B).