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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Cardiol. 2018 Feb 7;121(9):1032–1038. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.01.024

Table 2.

Association of perceived health competence with physical activity, defined as metabolic equivalent-minutes per week, in the Mid-South Coronary Heart Disease Study (N=2587).

% change in metabolic equivalent-minutes/week
Age, sex and race adjusted Fully adjusted*
Characteristic % change 95% CI p-value % change 95% CI p-value
Perceived Health Competence Scale-21
Men
 3 -> 4 97 64, 138 <0.001 53 27, 84 <0.001
 5 -> 6 89 60, 125 <0.001 49 26, 76 <0.001
 9 -> 10 63 23, 117 <0.001 11 −6, 47 0.46
Women
 3 -> 4 120 82, 166 <0.001 73 43, 109 <0.001
 5 -> 6 111 77, 151 <0.001 68 42, 100 <0.001
 9 -> 10 82 35, 144 <0.001 25 −, 68 0.13
Age (Increase from 61 [25th%] to 76 [75th%]) −3.3 −28, 29 0.77 −20 −40, 6.7 0.11
Non-White −16 −40, 18 0.33 0.7 −28, 41 0.97
Depression2 - - - 14 0.4, 29 0.043
Living with spouse - - - 8.9 −8, 44 0.55
Social support3 - - - −7.1 −15, 1.1 0.09
Quality of life3 - - - 95 71, 122 <0.001
Pain3 - - - −9.4 −18, −0.2 0.046
Sleep3 - - - 2.8 −6.4, 13 0.56
Brief Health Literacy Scale4 - - - −0.7 −5, 4.0 0.77
Subjective Numeracy Scale5 - - - 17 5.5, 29.7 0.003
Education6 - - - 7.2 −3.2, 19 0.18
Income7 - - - −7.6 −16, 1.3 0.09
Left ventricular ejection fraction <50% - - - −38 −59, −7.5 0.02
Body mass index (Increase from 26.2 Kg/m2 [25th%] to 33.6 Kg/m2 [75th%]) - - - −8 −37, −16 <0.001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - - - −11 −46, 47 0.65
Current smoker - - - −26 −51, 10.2 0.14
Diabetes mellitus - - - −23 −8, −3.2 0.02
End-stage renal disease - - - −.7 −57, 128 0.99
Peripheral vascular disease - - - −53 −69, -28 0.001
Systolic blood pressure (Increase from 119 mm Hg [25th%] to 135 mm Hg [75th%]) - - - 10.5 −3.4, 26.4 0.15
Stroke or transient ischemic attack - - - 3.1 −41, 79 0.92
Beta blocker - - - −5.1 −26, 21 0.68
Calcium channel blocker - - - −7.7 −26, 15 0.47

CI, confidence interval.

*

The fully adjusted model is adjusted for all listed covariates.

1

Perceived health competence scale-2 is a score from 2–10 (10 is highest).

2

Score from 1–5 (5 is the lowest level of depression).

3

Score from 1–5 (1 is poor, 5 is excellent).

4

Score from 1–15 (15 is highest).

5

Score from 1–6 (6 is highest).

6

Education was defined as a 6-level ordinal variable: (1 = 8th grade or less; 2 = some high school; 3 = high school graduate or GED; 4 = some college; 5 = college graduate; 6 = more than college degree)

7

Income was defined as a 7-level ordinal variable (1 = less than $10,000; 2 = $10,000 to $19,999; 3 = $20,000 to $34,999; 4 = $35,000 to $49,999; 5 = $50,000 to $74,999; 6 = $75,000 to $99,999; 7 = $100,000 or more).