Table 4.
Mean costs per participant in the high intensity (HI) and low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) exercise groups and cost differences between both groups during follow-up
| Cost category | LMI n = 138; mean (SEM) |
HI n = 139; mean (SEM) |
Mean cost difference Model 1a (95% CI) |
Mean cost difference Model 2b (95% CI) |
Mean cost difference Model 3c (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention costs (€) | 815 (15) | 858 (11) | 43 (8; 77) | 40 (7; 76) | 42 (8; 75) |
| Healthcare costs (€) | 6232 (993) | 4148 (522) | − 2075 (− 3816; − 464) | − 2043 (− 3851; − 438) | − 2056 (− 3816; − 443) |
| Primary care | 2494 (385) | 2127 (384) | − 370 (− 1102; 471) | − 333 (− 1073; 491) | − 342 (− 1056; 493) |
| Secondary care | 2644 (657) | 1515 (226) | − 1121 (− 2237; − 204) | − 1131 (− 2295; − 201) | − 1134 (− 2274; − 200) |
| Medication | 1093 (227) | 505 (75) | − 584 (− 917; − 280) | − 578 (− 915; − 276) | − 584 (− 917; − 268) |
| Informal care costs (€) | 1964 (344) | 2095 (478) | 136 (− 590; 949) | 163 (− 566; 969) | 151 (− 552; 954) |
| Absenteeism costs (€) | 7527 (942) | 6759 (845) | − 696 (− 2630; 1241) | − 523 (− 2462; 1369) | − 523 (− 2450; 1394) |
| Unpaid productivity costs (€) | 264 (35) | 197 (29) | − 67 (− 140; 6) | − 63 (− 137; 8) | − 67 (− 138; 5) |
| Sports costs (€) | 552 (73) | 566 (90) | 18 (− 138; 192) | 25 (− 132; 197) | 26 (− 128; 197) |
| Total costs (€) | 17,355 (1720) | 14,623 (1327) | − 2641 (− 5983; 767) | − 2400 (− 5850; 942) | − 2429 (− 5798; 933) |
€, euro; n, number; CI, confidence interval; SEM, standard error of the mean
aSolely corrected for follow-up duration
bCorrected for follow-up duration, age, and gender
cRandom intercept for hospital and corrected for follow-up duration, age, and gender