Table 4. Complete cases univariable analysis for association with mortality among children admitted with severe acute malnutrition (all groups A, B and C) between April 2014 and November 2016.
| Variable | OR (95%CI) | P value | ICC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Age in months: 12–59 | 0.74 (0.62,0.89) | 0.001 | 0.149 |
| Child sex: Male | 0.81 (0.68,0.96) | 0.01 | 0.148 |
| SAM: 2Group B 3Group C |
0.65 (0.51,0.84) | <0.001 | 0.149 |
| 0.42 (0.31,0.56) | <0.001 | 0.149 | |
|
4Number of comorbidities: 1 2 > = 3 |
1.32 (0.96,1.8 4) | 0.08 | 0.148 |
| 1.84 (1.35,2.53) | <0.001 | 0.148 | |
| 2.16 (1.59,2.97) | <0.001 | 0.148 | |
|
5Temperature: Fever (>37.5°C) Hypothermia (<36.5°C) |
1.17 (0.97,1.43) | 0.108 | 0.146 |
| 1.24 (0.93,1.64) | 0.136 | 0.146 | |
| Cough: Yes | 1.06 (0.89,1.27) | 0.521 | 0.148 |
| History of diarrhea: Present | 1.90 (1.60,2.27) | <0.001 | 0.147 |
| Vomiting everything: Yes | 1.13 (0.89,1.44) | 0.299 | 0.141 |
| Difficult feeding: Yes | 1.31 (1.10,1.56) | 0.003 | 0.149 |
| Convulsions: Present | 1.65 (1.27,2.13) | < 0.001 | 0.150 |
| Oedema: Severe | 0.78 (0.51,1.16) | 0.239 | 0.149 |
| Central cyanosis: Present | 3.07 (1.54,5.84) | <0.001 | 0.147 |
| Chest indrawing: Present | 2.27 (1.88,2.74) | <0.001 | 0.153 |
| Grunting: Present | 2.54 (2.01, 3.2) | <0.001 | 0.148 |
| Peripheral pulse: Weak | 3.79 (3.02,4.74) | <0.001 | 0.146 |
| Capillary refill time: >3 sec | 3.25 (2.05,5.06) | <0.001 | 0.145 |
| Palmar pallor: Severe | 1.90 (1.45,2.47) | <0.001 | 0.145 |
| Temperature gradient: warm up to elbow/shoulder | 4.05 (3.09,5.29) | <0.001 | 0.148 |
| Level of consciousness: VPU | 7.31 (5.70,9.32) | <0.001 | 0.147 |
| 6Ability to drink: No | 3.6 (2.9,4.3) | <0.001 | 0.150 |
| Stiff neck: Yes | 1.41(0.83,2.27) | 0.178 | 0.148 |
| 7Malaria parasite slide: positive | 0.63 (0.46,0.86) | <0.001 | 0.133 |
Abbreviations: ICC:—intra-cluster correlation coefficient; SAM:-severe acute malnutrition, AVPU: -Alert, Verbal response, Pain response, Unresponsive.
1Age in months reference group:- 6–11 months Reference; SAM reference group: Group A (Explicit SAM diagnosis).
2Group B—Implicit SAM diagnosis
3Group C-Retrospective SAM diagnosis
4Comorbidities:—Malaria, anaemia, tuberculosis, asthma, pneumonia, meningitis, HIV/AIDS, rickets, diarrhoea and dehydration.
5Temperature reference category: normal temperature between 36.5°C and 37.50 C.
6Patients who are at AVPU = V, P, U are considered not able to drink if ability/inability to drink is not documented.
7Malaria parasite slide: positive- analysis restricted to 5 hospitals drawn from high endemic region in Kenya.