Table 1. Ingredient and chemical composition of basal diets fed during the pre- and postpartum perioda.
| Item | Prepartum | Postpartum |
|---|---|---|
| Ingredient, % of dry matter | ||
| Corn silage | 22.1 | 34.6 |
| Alfalfa silage | - | 24.5 |
| Ryegrass silage | 65.6 | - |
| Whey | - | 4.0 |
| Postpartum concentrateb | - | 11.6 |
| High moisture corn | - | 13.2 |
| Soybean meal | - | 4.0 |
| Tallow | - | 0.6 |
| Corn gluten feed | - | 7.4 |
| Prepartum concentratec | 12.2 | - |
| Chemical compositiond, mean ± standard deviation | ||
| Dry matter, % as fed | 46.2 ± 0.63 | 44.4 ± 1.31 |
| Crude protein, % of dry matter | 16.5 ± 1.06 | 17.2 ± 1.24 |
| Neutral detergent fiber, % of dry matter | 37.7 ± 3.70 | 28.6 ± 3.45 |
| Starch, % of dry matter | 10.2 ± 1.79 | 23.7 ± 1.44 |
| Sugare, % of dry matter | 6.6 ± 0.56 | 4.6 ± 0.74 |
| Fatf, % of dry matter | 5.5 ± 0.51 | 4.7 ± 0.35 |
| Ash, % of dry matter | 11.6 ± 0.67 | 6.9 ± 0.50 |
| Non-fiber carbohydratesg, % of dry matter | 28.7 ± 3.02 | 42.5 ± 2.98 |
a Prepartum (between -25 to -17 days of the predicted calving date until calving). Postpartum (calving until 150 days postpartum).
b SoyPlus (34.2%; West Central Cooperative, Ralston, IA), ground corn (33.2%), calcium carbonate (6.3%), SQ810 (6.3%; Arm and Hammer, Princeton, NJ), soybean meal (5.3%), Megalac-R (4.2%; Arm and Hammer, Princeton, NJ), urea (4.2%), sodium chloride (2.1%), magnesium oxide (2.1%), Celmanax (0.6%; Arm and Hammer, Princeton, NJ), Dairy Balancer 11 (0.5%; Quality Liquid Feeds, Dodgeville, WI), Alimet (0.47%; Novus International, St. Charles, MO), Mepron-M85 (0.47%; Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany), AjiPro-L (0.42%; Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan), Feed-Bond (0.32%; ACG Products Ltd., Brookfield, WI), Availa-ZN 120 (0.11%; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN), Rovimix Biotin (0.06%; DSM Nutritional Products, Belvidere, NJ), Rumensin-90 (0.05%; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN).
c Ground corn (39.7%), Soyplus (20.0%; West Central Cooperative, Ralston, IA), calcium chloride (14.7%), magnesium sulfate (9.3%), Megalac-R (6.7%; Arm and Hammer, Princeton, NJ), Vicomb (2.7%; Vetagro Inc., Chicago, IL), magnesium oxide (1.3%), sodium chloride (1.3%), Dairy Balancer 11 (1.3%; Quality Liquid Feeds, Dodgeville, WI), Celmanax (0.8%; Arm and Hammer, Princeton, NJ), Feed-bond (0.8%; ACG Products Ltd., Brookfield, WI), Mepron-M85 (0.4%; Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany), Alimet (0.4%; Novus International, St. Charles, MO), Rovimix E50 (0.2%; DSM Nutritional Products, Belvidere, NJ), Rovimix Biotin (0.16%; DSM Nutritional Products, Belvidere, NJ), Rumensin-90 (0.08%; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN), Availa-ZN (0.05%; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN).
d Nutrient composition from 3 and 5 composite samples for pre- and postpartum diets without treatments, respectively.
e Water soluble carbohydrates.
f Ether extract.
g Non-fiber carbohydrates, % = 100—(Neutral detergent fiber, % + crude protein, % + fat, % + ash, %).